# Data Center Index (datacenterindex.info): full text

> Complete plain-text edition of datacenterindex.info for language models and researchers. Every campus record, methodology, regional context, milestones, FAQ and the full source log. Published by Discovery Energy Utility Audits. Last updated November 3, 2026. Summary index: https://datacenterindex.info/llms.txt

Cite as: Data Center Index (datacenterindex.info), Discovery Energy. Expected load, energy, gas burn and ratings are Discovery Energy model outputs, not reported figures. The site compiles news reports, regulatory filings, utility reports, grid operator data and government sources and is accurate to the best of our knowledge; see https://datacenterindex.info/disclosures/.

## Key figures (November 3, 2026)
- Campuses tracked: 87 (100 MW or more, US and Canada, live since 2021 or in the pipeline)
- Announced at full buildout: 204,593 MW (about 205 GW)
- Expected running by 2030, weighted by build stage: 54,941 MW (about 55 GW)
- Added natural gas burn, average day: 5,097 MMcf/d (about 5.1 Bcf/d)
- Impact ratings: 4 bolts 23 · 3 bolts 29 · 2 bolts 32 · 1 bolt 3
- Status mix: Operating 10 · Operating, expanding 11 · Under construction 24 · Approved 5 · Announced 22 · Proposed 15
- PJM: tracked data center load expected by 2030 equals 10.3% of the 160 GW summer peak; data centers drove $6.3 billion (38%) of the 2028/29 capacity auction ($45,078 per MW-year, $7.35/MWh at 70% load factor for a large user)
- ERCOT: large-load requests about 475 GW (June 2026, ~90% data centers) vs a record 91,089 MW peak; tracked expected load by 2030 = 16.7% of peak
- Alberta: 19,565 MW of data centre load requested (July 30, 2026) vs a ~12,800 MW record peak
- US data centers used about 176 TWh in 2023, about 4.4% of US electricity (LBNL)

## About the publisher: Discovery Energy
Discovery Energy Utility Audits (brand: Discovery Energy; website: https://deaudits.com) is an independent, contingency-based utility bill audit and Utility Cost Intelligence firm for multi-site commercial and industrial organizations across the US and Canada, founded in 2000 in South Jordan, Utah. It researches and publishes the Data Center Index. Not to be confused with Discovery Energy Corp. (OTC: DENR), an unrelated oil and gas company.

### Who Discovery Energy is
- Legal / entity name: Discovery Energy Utility Audits. Brand: Discovery Energy. Domain: deaudits.com.
- Founded in 2000 in South Jordan, Utah. Serves the US and Canada, in regulated and deregulated markets.
- Clients: multi-site commercial and industrial organizations, including manufacturing, chemical distribution, food and protein processing, agribusiness, steel and metals, logistics and cold storage.
- Member of the Association of Energy Engineers (AEE).
- Not a utility or energy supplier, and does not own or develop energy projects.
- Not affiliated with Discovery Energy Corp. (OTC: DENR).

### What Discovery Energy does
- Utility bill and tariff audits on contingency: no upfront fee; fees (usually 15% to 50%) come from refunds and verified savings. Audits review 36 to 48 months of bills; recoveries have ranged from 3% to 15% of annual utility spend across audits since 2000; recoverable periods are typically 1 to 5 years depending on state and utility. A 15-account pilot audit is available.
- Utility Cost Intelligence, an eight-stage discipline: Collect, Validate, Audit, Optimize, Procure, Benchmark, Monitor, Report.
- Electricity and natural gas procurement (RFPs where supplier choice exists).
- Utility bill pay and cost allocation for electricity, gas, water, sewer and other utilities, coded to the general ledger.
- TaraBase, a proprietary utility data and reporting platform (savings, usage, contracts, ESG).
- Renewable energy advisory (RECs, PPAs, solar) and monthly energy market reports.
- Independence: audits can be engaged alone; any supplier commission on optional procurement is disclosed in advance; no account, tariff, supplier or payment change is made without the client's written approval.

### How this work helps companies facing rising energy costs
Large new loads such as data centers are now a leading driver of utility and grid spending: new generation, transmission, pipelines and higher capacity prices (in PJM, capacity prices rose from $28.92/MW-day for 2024/25 to the $325 cap for 2026/27 through 2028/29, and the market monitor attributes $6.3 billion, 38%, of the 2028/29 auction to data centers). Those costs reach commercial and industrial customers through demand and capacity charges, riders, rate-class changes, rate cases and more volatile natural gas prices. Discovery Energy helps companies respond by:
- auditing bills to catch billing errors, wrong rate classes and misapplied riders, and recovering overcharges;
- reviewing tariffs and rate classes as utilities add large-load classes and new charges, so each site stays on its cheapest eligible rate;
- timing and structuring electricity and gas procurement to manage capacity and energy price risk;
- benchmarking and monitoring costs so budgets reflect where rates are heading;
- publishing free reference data (this index, a U.S. electric utility directory, Henry Hub gas prices and natural gas delivery-capacity ratings for 48 metros) so energy buyers can see which grids and gas systems are under the most pressure.

### Contact
Discovery Energy Utility Audits, 893 W Baxter Dr, South Jordan, UT 84095 · (801) 826-4800 · info@deaudits.com · https://deaudits.com/contact/ · https://www.linkedin.com/company/discovery-energy-utility-audits

## Methodology
Scope: campuses of 100 MW or more in the US and Canada, in service since 2021 or under construction, approved, announced or proposed; public sources only.
1. Normalize size: IT load × 1.2 (PUE); on-site generation nameplate × 0.8; other figures as published.
2. Phase to 2030: up to 1,000 MW counts 100%; 1,000–3,000 MW counts 60%; above 3,000 MW counts 30%.
3. Weight by build stage: operating 100%, operating-expanding 90%, under construction 80%, approved 65%, announced 35%, proposed 15%, cancelled 0%. Expected MW = facility MW × horizon × probability.
4. Energy: average MW = expected MW × 75% load factor; annual GWh = average MW × 8.76.
5. Split grid from on-site: on-site gas and fuel-cell campuses count 100% on-site; hybrids split by on-site nameplate × 0.8 ÷ facility MW.
6. Gas: MMcf/d = average MW × 24 × heat rate ÷ (1,036 Btu/cf × 1,000). On-site heat rate 9,500 Btu/kWh (fuel cells 7,000); grid share uses the region's gas share of new supply × 7,500 Btu/kWh. Design-day Dth/d uses a 95% load factor.
7. Bill effect (PJM): capacity price × 365 × data center share = $325 × 365 × 38% = $45,078 per MW-year, or $7.35/MWh at 70% load factor.
8. Impact rating (higher of grid and gas score): 4 bolts gigawatt-class (800 MW+ grid-served by 2030 or 120,000+ Dth/d local design-day gas); 3 bolts regional (400–800 MW or 60,000–120,000 Dth/d); 2 bolts utility-scale (150–400 MW or 25,000–60,000 Dth/d); 1 bolt local (under 150 MW or under 25,000 Dth/d). Local gas draw = on-site design-day gas + dedicated-plant gas + 50% of regional grid gas. Solid bolts: operating or under construction; outlined: approved, announced or proposed.
9. Gas share of new supply by region: PJM 60%, ERCOT 55%, MISO 60%, SPP 50%, Southeast 75%, Desert Southwest 60%, Mountain/Northwest 50%, Alberta 90%, Alaska 90%, NYISO 60%, ISO-NE 70%, CAISO 35%, Ontario 40%, Québec 0%. Dedicated plants: 100%.
10. Confidence: A verified against a primary source; B several consistent sources; C one secondary source; D conflicting or estimated figures.
11. Timeline model (until real dates replace it): operating all by 2025; expanding 50% by 2025, 25% 2026, 25% 2027; under construction ≤1 GW 50/50 2026–27, 1–3 GW 40/30/30 2027–29, >3 GW 30/35/35 2028–30; approved 50/50 2027–28; announced 30/35/35 2028–30; proposed 50/50 2029–30.
12. Calibration: index 54.9 GW by 2030 vs Enverus 62 GW new (2026–2030); PJM 16.4 GW vs 35.1 GW accepted (2026–2031); 5.1 Bcf/d vs 3–10 Bcf/d analyst range.
Full page: https://datacenterindex.info/methodology/

## Market context
- Attrition: PJM accepted about 34 GW of the 60 GW of 2030 data center load utilities submitted; the PJM market monitor says about 42% of forecast data center load growth was already cancelled or delayed; Bernstein judges about 35% of the US pipeline credible; AEP Ohio's queue fell from about 30 GW to 13 GW after its data center tariff required financial commitments.
- National demand: US data centers used about 176 TWh in 2023 (4.4% of US electricity), projected at 325–580 TWh by 2028 (LBNL). Enverus expects about 62 GW of new Lower 48 data center capacity by 2030, about 40% behind the meter. EIA (Oct 2026) forecasts record US power use of 4,288 billion kWh in 2026 and 4,356 in 2027, with commercial sales passing residential.
- PJM capacity prices ($/MW-day): 2024/25 $28.92; 2025/26 $269.92; 2026/27 $329.17; 2027/28 $333.44; 2028/29 $325.00 (cap).
- Utility pipelines (2026): AEP 84 GW of incremental contracted load through 2031 (35 GW under take-or-pay ESAs); Dominion about 53.8 GW of contracted data center capacity; Southern 17 GW contracted large load; FirstEnergy 7.9 GW contracted; Entergy 7–12 GW of data center interest.
- Large-load tariffs: Dominion GS-5 (from Jan 1, 2027; 25 MW+; 14-year terms; minimum demand ~85% T&D, 60% generation); AEP Ohio (~85% minimum billing plus collateral); Georgia Power (100 MW+); Entergy Louisiana (5-year minimum); Evergy Missouri (75 MW+); El Paso Electric (20-year proposed); Portland General Schedule 96 (20 MW+, 90% minimum demand). About 24 states had approved large-load tariffs by mid-2026.
- Natural gas: Kinder Morgan's Mississippi Crossing (up to 2.1 Bcf/d) and South System Expansion 4 (~1.3 Bcf/d), in service late 2028, are being challenged in court; NGPL's Amarillo Expansion (550,000 Dth/d) is linked to a Google campus; Entergy signed 1.325 Bcf/d of transport for 10 new Louisiana combined cycles; Williams raised $5.34B for more than 2.6 GW of behind-the-meter gas projects.
- Community economics: Loudoun County, VA drew 38% of its FY2026 general fund from data centers and cut its real property tax rate from $1.145 to $0.805 per $100 since 2016; a 250,000 sq ft facility employs about 50 people. Baltimore County, MD estimates data centers yield about $171,000 a year in tax per acre versus $82,000 for manufacturing, but 0.5 jobs per acre versus 17.
- Electric bills: evidence is mixed outside PJM (MIT CEEPR finds +2.7% retail rates after data center entry, +5.6% for investor-owned utility customers; an EPRI-linked study finds about 6% lower rates in areas with average data center growth). In PJM, data centers likely raised bills through capacity costs (about $7.3B and $6.5B of capacity charges attributed in the current and next delivery years).

## Grid regions
### PJM
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/regions/pjm/
PJM Interconnection runs the grid and wholesale markets for all or parts of 13 states and Washington, DC, from New Jersey to Illinois. It is home to Northern Virginia, the largest data center market in the world, and to the fastest-growing capacity costs.
- Capacity prices rose from $28.92/MW-day (2024/25) to the $325 cap for 2026/27 through 2028/29; the market monitor attributes $6.3 billion (38%) of the 2028/29 auction to data centers.
- PJM filed a one-time backstop auction for a 6.8 GW shortfall (price cap $555/MW-day; results due Dec 2, 2026) and expects up to 70 GW of large-load growth by 2038.
- Virginia regulators ordered Dominion to make data centers pay for transmission built only for them (Aug 5, 2026); Dominion's GS-5 large-load class takes effect Jan 1, 2027.
- DOE emergency orders in May and June 2026 let PJM call on data center backup generators during heat waves.
- Totals: 22 campuses; 48,310 MW announced; 16,446 MW expected by 2030 (15,265 grid-served, 1,181 on-site); 1,389 MMcf/d gas; 10.3% of PJM 2025 summer peak (160,000 MW).
- Gas share of new supply assumed: 60%
- Sources: Utility Dive https://www.utilitydive.com/news/pjm-files-backstop-capacity-auction-ferc-data-centers/826792/; Environ Energy https://environenergy.com/?p=4723; T&D World https://tdworld.com/reliability-and-resiliency/news/55352370/pjm-board-outlines-plans-to-integrate-large-loads-in-2026; WJLA https://wjla.com/newsletter-daily/data-centers-in-virginia-ordered-to-pay-for-transmission-upgrades-governor-abigail-spanberger-state-corporation-commission-scc-richmond-electricity-utilities-bills; U.S. Department of Energy https://www.energy.gov/ceser/federal-power-act-section-202c-pjm-interconnection-llc-pjm-order-no-202-26-23; U.S. Department of Energy https://www.energy.gov/ceser/federal-power-act-section-202c-pjm-interconnection-llc-pjm-order-no-202-26-33; Modo Energy https://modoenergy.com/research/en/pjm-load-forecast-data-centers-2046; Citizens Utility Board https://www.citizensutilityboard.org/blog/2026/07/15/cub-sustained-high-pjm-capacity-prices-ramp-up-urgency-for-data-center-reform/

### ERCOT
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/regions/ercot/
ERCOT operates the Texas grid, which is largely separate from the rest of the US and runs an energy-only market. Texas has the largest pipeline of large-load requests in North America.
- Large-load requests reached about 475 GW in June 2026, about 90% data centers, against a record peak of 91,089 MW (July 22, 2026).
- Under Texas SB 6, ERCOT's Batch Zero classified 66.4 GW as base case, about 128 GW for study and 302 GW as excluded (Sept 3, 2026).
- After Gov. Abbott ordered an audit of every data center in the queue (Aug 3, 2026), ERCOT paused energization of new 75 MW+ data center and crypto loads. Audit reports are due Dec 10, 2026.
- Several large campuses are being built off the grid on their own gas generation, which moves the impact from electric bills to the gas system.
- Totals: 27 campuses; 52,347 MW announced; 15,196 MW expected by 2030 (11,873 grid-served, 3,323 on-site); 1,400 MMcf/d gas; 16.7% of ERCOT record peak of July 22, 2026 (91,089 MW).
- Gas share of new supply assumed: 55%
- Sources: ERCOT https://www.ercot.com/files/docs/2026/09/11/14-Batch-Zero-Update.pdf; POWER https://powermag.com/abbott-orders-full-audit-of-texas-data-center-interconnection-queue-threatens-to-deny-grid-access/; Modo Energy https://modoenergy.com/research/en/ercot-data-center-buildout-forecast-october-2026; Perkins Coie https://perkinscoie.com/insights/update/sb-6-implementation-shaping-data-center-future-texas; Greenberg Traurig https://www.gtlaw.com/ar/insights/2026/3/texas-senate-bill-6-update-what-data-centers-large-load-customers-should-know-about-proposed-interconnection-standards; Environmental Defense Fund https://blogs.edf.org/climate411/2026/07/14/texas-tries-to-answer-key-questions-about-upcoming-data-center-boom.md

### SPP
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/regions/spp/
Southwest Power Pool runs the grid across parts of 14 central and western states, from North Dakota to the Texas Panhandle and New Mexico.
- FERC approved SPP's expedited 90-day review for loads over 100 MW that bring or pair with their own generation (January 2026).
- SPP's peak was about 56,000 MW in 2025 and could reach 105,000 MW by 2035.
- The region includes the largest single campus in the index, Fermi America's Project Matador near Amarillo, planned on its own gas generation.
- Totals: 12 campuses; 34,700 MW announced; 6,484 MW expected by 2030 (3,844 grid-served, 2,640 on-site); 686 MMcf/d gas; 11.6% of SPP 2025 peak (56,000 MW).
- Gas share of new supply assumed: 50%
- Sources: E&E News https://www.eenews.net/articles/ferc-approves-central-us-grid-plan-for-connecting-ai-data-centers/; ABC7 Amarillo https://www.abc7amarillo.com/news/local/fermi-america-releases-statement-after-losing-funding-from-first-major-tenant; Fermi Inc. (Newswire) https://www.newswire.com/news/fermi-and-tensorwave-agree-to-extend-closing-date-to-october-31-2026

### MISO
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/regions/miso/
The Midcontinent Independent System Operator runs the grid across 15 states from Louisiana to Michigan and the Canadian province of Manitoba.
- Entergy Louisiana has asked to add seven gas plants for Meta's Hyperion campus, ten in total and about 7.5 GW; the Louisiana PSC decides in December 2026 (Docket 32728).
- Entergy reports 7–12 GW of data center interest and signed gas transport for 1.325 Bcf/d to fuel 10 new combined-cycle plants.
- MISO is developing an expedited process for large-load and resource additions.
- Totals: 7 campuses; 12,980 MW announced; 4,968 MW expected by 2030 (4,968 grid-served, 0 on-site); 451 MMcf/d gas.
- Gas share of new supply assumed: 60%
- Sources: Union of Concerned Scientists https://www.ucs.org/about/news/louisiana-regulators-fast-track-7-gas-plant-proposal-meta-data-center; GuruFocus via Yahoo Finance https://finance.yahoo.com/energy/articles/entergy-corp-etr-q3-2026-070158071.html; WWNO https://www.wwno.org/coastal-desk/2026-04-21/advocates-cite-lack-of-transparency-rising-costs-as-regulators-fast-track-second-meta-data-center; Earthjustice https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/advocates-appeal-louisiana-pscs-arbitrary-and-capricious-decision-to-let-meta-off-the-hook-for-its-data-center-project

### Southeast utilities
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/regions/southeast-utilities/
Most of the Southeast is served by vertically integrated utilities rather than an RTO market, including Georgia Power, TVA, Duke Energy and Dominion Energy South Carolina.
- The Georgia PSC approved about 10 GW of new capacity for Georgia Power (about 6 GW gas) in December 2025.
- Southern Company reports 17 GW of contracted large load, including a 3.2 GW, 25-year Georgia Power contract for an OpenAI campus near Savannah.
- Kinder Morgan's Mississippi Crossing and SSE4 pipelines (3.4 Bcf/d combined) were approved by FERC and are being challenged in court.
- Totals: 5 campuses; 8,476 MW announced; 2,860 MW expected by 2030 (1,960 grid-served, 900 on-site); 340 MMcf/d gas.
- Gas share of new supply assumed: 75%
- Sources: GPB https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/12/19/georgia-psc-gives-the-greenlight-georgia-powers-massive-data-center-spurred; Southern Environmental Law Center https://www.selc.org/press-release/psc-unanimously-votes-to-approve-georgia-powers-data-center-plan-without-sufficient-customer-protections/; Utility Dive https://utilitydive.com/news/southern-co-contracted-large-load-data-centers/826919; IEEFA https://ieefa.org/resources/excessive-forecasts-data-center-growth-are-behind-push-build-two-large-natural-gas; GPB https://www.gpb.org/news/2026/10/06/500-miles-of-pipeline-serve-data-center-demand-faces-legal-battle

### West: Mountain/Northwest
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/regions/west-mountain-northwest/
Utilities across the Mountain West and Pacific Northwest, including PacifiCorp, NV Energy and Black Hills, outside an organized RTO market.
- Several of the largest announced campuses in the index are in Utah and Wyoming, many planned on on-site gas.
- Nevada regulators approved 362 MW of temporary gas plants for data centers at the Tahoe Reno Industrial Center until NV Energy service arrives (September 2026).
- Totals: 6 campuses; 29,300 MW announced; 5,625 MW expected by 2030 (4,857 grid-served, 768 on-site); 443 MMcf/d gas.
- Gas share of new supply assumed: 50%
- Sources: ConstructConnect https://news.constructconnect.com/nevada-regulators-approve-362-mw-of-temporary-power-projects-for-data-centers; Nevada Current https://nevadacurrent.com/2026/06/04/lombardo-backs-natural-gas-pipeline-expansion-for-data-centers/

### West: Desert Southwest
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/regions/west-desert-southwest/
Utilities in Arizona, New Mexico and far West Texas, including APS, SRP, PNM and El Paso Electric.
- Oracle's Project Jupiter in New Mexico switched from gas turbines to Bloom fuel cells after the state rejected its gas pipeline (July 2026).
- Meta's El Paso campus pairs grid service with on-site generation.
- Totals: 4 campuses; 6,750 MW announced; 2,254 MW expected by 2030 (1,079 grid-served, 1,175 on-site); 237 MMcf/d gas.
- Gas share of new supply assumed: 60%
- Sources: Oracle https://www.oracle.com/news/announcement/blog/weve-overhauled-project-jupiters-power-plan-2026-07-01/; Distilled https://www.distilled.earth/p/data-center-developers-want-to-build

### Alberta (AESO)
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/regions/alberta-aeso/
The Alberta Electric System Operator runs Alberta's energy-only market, the main Canadian destination for gas-fired data centre proposals.
- Data centre load requests reached about 19,565 MW (July 30, 2026), against a record provincial peak near 12,800 MW.
- The 1,200 MW Phase 1 allocation is full; the Data Centre Regulation (June 2026) puts projects that bring their own generation first.
- The Alberta Utilities Commission rejected a 1.4 GW gas plant for a data centre in Olds (August 2026).
- Totals: 3 campuses; 8,730 MW announced; 838 MW expected by 2030 (500 grid-served, 338 on-site); 119 MMcf/d gas; 6.5% of AESO record peak (12,800 MW).
- Gas share of new supply assumed: 90%
- Sources: Government of Alberta https://www.alberta.ca/datacentres/grid; The Logic https://thelogic.co/?p=2067756; BNN Bloomberg (Canadian Press) https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/business/politics/2026/07/08/canada-data-centre-capacity-could-soar-to-20-gw-in-planned-projects-government-document/; The Hub https://thehub.ca/2026/08/19/alberta-utilities-commission-rejects-gas-plant-for-olds-data-centre-complex/; AESO https://aesoengage.aeso.ca/pre-engagement-phase-ii-large-load-integration

### Alaska
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/regions/alaska/
Alaska's grids are isolated from the rest of North America.
- One proposed North Slope campus is tracked; it has no disclosed power plan.
- Totals: 1 campuses; 3,000 MW announced; 270 MW expected by 2030 (270 grid-served, 0 on-site); 32 MMcf/d gas.
- Gas share of new supply assumed: 90%
- Sources: Electricchoice https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

## Latest regulatory and legislative actions
- Jun 18, 2026: FERC orders six grid operators to file large-load rules. Covers study timelines, cost shifts, co-location and service for flexible loads. Duane Morris
- Jul 14, 2026: New York pauses state permits for data centers of 50 MW or more. Executive Order 62, pending a statewide environmental review. Beveridge & Diamond
- Jul 31, 2026: PJM files a backstop auction for a 6.8 GW shortfall. Price cap $555/MW-day; results due Dec 2, 2026. PJM sees up to 70 GW of large-load growth by 2038. Utility Dive
- Aug 3, 2026: Texas governor orders an audit of every data center in the queue. Projects that don't disclose ownership, finances, water and community impacts can be denied connection. ERCOT paused energization of new 75 MW+ data center and crypto loads; its Sept 3 Batch Zero classifications put 66.4 GW in the base case, about 128 GW for study and 302 GW excluded. Audit reports are due Dec 10. ERCOT · POWER
- Aug 5, 2026: Virginia regulators: data centers pay for lines built only for them. Dominion has 200+ transmission projects serving 600+ data centers. WJLA
- May 27, 2026: Ohio pauses new data center sales-tax exemptions. The 2025 cost of the exemption was underestimated by more than $1.4 billion. WOSU
- Sept 2026: House passes the Ratepayer Protection Act, 417–3. Asks states to consider making large loads pay full cost; does not require it. Stalled in the Senate. ExecutiveGov
- Dec 2026: Louisiana PSC decides on seven more gas plants for Meta Hyperion. Docket 32728; ten plants in total. UCS
- 2025–2026: 42 of 486 state data center bills became law, in 23 states. Large-load cost rules, water, tax incentives, siting and transparency. Quorum

## Timeline milestones (dated events; future items marked)
- 2023: US data centers use about 176 TWh. About 4.4% of US electricity; projections for 2028 run from 325 to 580 TWh (LBNL). [grid]
- 2024/25: PJM capacity clears at $28.92/MW-day. The last low-priced auction before data center load entered the forecast. [grid]
- 2025/26: PJM capacity jumps to $269.92/MW-day. About $98,521 per MW-year for large users (Voltus). [grid]
- Sept 2025: Stargate Abilene: first buildings online. Backed by 360 MW of on-site gas turbines; a permit was sought for more. [build]
- Dec 11, 2025: Fermi America loses its first Project Matador tenant. A $150M construction-funding agreement was terminated before any draw. [build]
- Dec 19, 2025: Georgia PSC approves about 10 GW for Georgia Power. About 6 GW is new gas; data center revenue funds a household bill credit through 2031. [policy]
- Jan 2026: FERC approves SPP's 90-day path for large loads. For loads over 100 MW that bring or pair with their own generation. [grid]
- Early 2026: Meta Lebanon, Indiana breaks ground. 1,500-acre campus, 1 GW announced. [build]
- Apr 15, 2026: Louisiana fast-tracks seven more gas plants for Meta Hyperion. Ten plants in total, about 7.5 GW; decision due December 2026 (Docket 32728). [gas]
- May 18, 2026: DOE emergency order lets PJM run data center backup generators. Order 202-26-23, during a May heat wave. [grid]
- May 27, 2026: Ohio pauses new data center sales-tax exemptions. The 2025 cost was underestimated by more than $1.4 billion. [policy]
- June 18, 2026: FERC orders six grid operators to set large-load rules. Study timelines, cost shifts, co-location and flexible-load service. [grid]
- June 30, 2026: Second DOE emergency order for PJM backup generation. Order 202-26-33, June 30 to July 3, extended to July 7. [grid]
- June 2026: Portland General Schedule 96 takes effect. 20 MW+ customers; 90% minimum demand; 10 to 30 year terms. [policy]
- June 2026: Alberta's Data Centre Regulation takes effect. Projects that bring their own generation move to the front of the line. [policy]
- July 1, 2026: Project Jupiter switches to fuel cells. Oracle drops gas turbines after New Mexico rejected the gas pipeline. [gas]
- July 2, 2026: Microsoft signs a 20-year Chevron gas deal for its 2 GW Pecos campus. Co-located gas plant; off the grid at launch. [gas]
- July 13, 2026: Williams raises $5.34B for behind-the-meter gas projects. Five projects, more than 2.6 GW, with Blackstone, Apollo and KKR. [gas]
- July 14, 2026: New York pauses permits for data centers of 50 MW or more. Executive Order 62, pending a statewide environmental review. [policy]
- July 22, 2026: ERCOT sets a record peak of 91,089 MW. Its large-load queue, about 475 GW in June, is more than five times larger. [grid]
- July 30, 2026: Alberta data centre requests reach 19,565 MW. Against a record peak near 12,800 MW; the 1,200 MW Phase 1 allocation is full. [grid]
- July 31, 2026: PJM files a backstop auction for a 6.8 GW shortfall. Price cap $555/MW-day; results due Dec 2, 2026. [grid]
- July 2026: Enverus: 62 GW of new capacity by 2030. Roughly 40% planned behind the meter, adding about 1.3 Bcf/d of gas demand. [gas]
- July 2026: Meta announces C$13B Sturgeon County campus. Paired with a new $4.6 billion generating station. [build]
- July 2026: Southern Co.: 17 GW of contracted large load. Includes a 3.2 GW, 25-year Georgia Power contract for an OpenAI campus near Savannah. [build]
- Aug 3, 2026: Texas governor orders an audit of the data center queue. Non-compliant projects can be denied connection; ERCOT paused energization of new 75 MW+ data center and crypto loads. [policy]
- Aug 5, 2026: Virginia regulators: data centers pay for their own transmission. Dominion has 200+ line projects serving 600+ data centers. [policy]
- Aug 10, 2026: Fermi signs its first binding Project Matador lease. TensorWave, 222 MW, about $6.5B over 15 years; closing extended to Oct 31. [build]
- Aug 17, 2026: Alberta regulator rejects a 1.4 GW gas plant for an Olds data centre. Synapse says the project will not proceed as proposed. [gas]
- Summer 2026: FERC approves 3.4 Bcf/d of new Southeast pipelines. Kinder Morgan's Mississippi Crossing and SSE4; challenged in court in October. [gas]
- Aug 2026: LBNL publishes large-load rate design brief. About 24 states had approved large-load tariffs by mid-2026. [policy]
- Sept 2026: House passes the Ratepayer Protection Act, 417–3. Asks states to consider making large loads pay full cost; stalled in the Senate. [policy]
- Sept 3, 2026: ERCOT issues Batch Zero classifications. 66.4 GW base case, about 128 GW for study, 302 GW excluded. [grid]
- Sept 14, 2026: Kokomo, Indiana opens industrial sites to data centers. Digital Realty plans about 1 GW of IT load on 476 acres. [build]
- Sept 17, 2026: Kinder Morgan files a 550,000 Dth/d Panhandle expansion. Linked to a Google campus in Hereford, Texas; gas service from Sept 2028. [gas]
- 2026: PJM 2028/29 auction clears at the $325 cap. Market monitor attributes $6.3 billion (38%) to data centers. [grid]
- Oct 9, 2026: Taylor, Texas campus approved. Up to 1 GW on behind-the-meter gas, off the ERCOT grid; first power targeted for 2028. [build]
- Oct 28, 2026: Data Center Index Pass 1. 84 campuses, 202 GW announced, 53 GW expected by 2030. [build]
- Nov 3, 2026: Index updated and verified against filings and reports. 87 campuses; expected load by 2030 now about 54.9 GW and gas burn about 5.1 Bcf/d. [build]
- Dec 2, 2026 (upcoming): PJM backstop auction results due. Then the 2029/30 base capacity auction. [grid]
- Dec 10, 2026 (upcoming): ERCOT audit reports due to the PUCT. Eligibility verification and community impact reports for Batch Zero. [policy]
- Dec 2026 (upcoming): Louisiana PSC decides on Meta Hyperion gas plants. Seven more plants proposed (Docket 32728). [gas]
- Jan 1, 2027 (upcoming): Dominion GS-5 large-load class takes effect. 25 MW+; 14-year terms; minimum demand charges. [policy]
- Apr 9, 2027 (upcoming): ERCOT Batch Zero study results. The first large-load batch under Texas SB 6. [grid]
- 2028 (upcoming): Southeast pipelines and OpenAI Savannah service begin. MSX and SSE4 in service late 2028; Georgia Power service to OpenAI from 2028. [gas]
- 2030 (upcoming): Index horizon. Modelled: tracked campuses reach about 53 GW of running load. [build]

## Campus records (87)
### DC-001 TECfusions Keystone Connect
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-001-tecfusions-keystone-connect/
- Developer / tenant: TECfusions
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Upper Burrell, PA (Pennsylvania, United States); metro: Pittsburgh
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Operating, expanding; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 3,000 MW (Reported (unspecified)); expected by 2030: 1,620 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 10,643 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 126.7 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Research note: Published 3,000 MW is likely campus potential; operating load is far lower. Verify before publishing.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-002 Microsoft Fairwater 1
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-002-microsoft-fairwater-1/
- Developer / tenant: Microsoft
- Segment: Hyperscale AI
- Location: Mount Pleasant, WI (Wisconsin, United States); metro: Milwaukee–Racine
- Grid region: MISO; electric utility: We Energies
- Status: Operating, expanding; online / target: 2025–
- Announced: 1,480 MW (Reported (unspecified)); expected by 2030: 799 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 5,249 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 62.5 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence B (Several consistent sources)
- Research note: dcmap also lists a 338 MW Azure figure for the site; 1,480 MW is the program total.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-003 Google Project Zodiac
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-003-google-project-zodiac/
- Developer / tenant: Google
- Segment: Hyperscale
- Location: Fort Wayne, IN (Indiana, United States); metro: Fort Wayne
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: Indiana Michigan Power (AEP)
- Status: Operating, expanding; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,200 MW (Reported (unspecified)); expected by 2030: 648 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 4,257 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 50.7 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence B (Several consistent sources)
- Research note: dcmap: 576 MW operating campus; 1,200 MW initial-phase figure used.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-004 xAI Colossus 1 + 2
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-004-xai-colossus-1-2/
- Developer / tenant: xAI
- Segment: Hyperscale AI
- Location: Memphis / Southaven, TN (Tennessee, United States); metro: Memphis
- Grid region: Southeast utilities; electric utility: TVA / MLGW + on-site gas
- Status: Operating, expanding; online / target: 2024–
- Announced: 1,000 MW (Reported (unspecified)); expected by 2030: 900 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 5,913 GWh
- Power supply: Grid + on-site gas; added gas burn: 148.6 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Gas; confidence B (Several consistent sources)
- Research note: Cleanview: 1,498 MW of operating gas turbines across both sites (partly mobile). Operating IT load estimates span 250–750 MW. Electricchoice's separate 2 GW Southaven row treated as the same program.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/; Cleanview, "Behind-the-meter data centers report" (2026) https://cleanview.co/reports/behind-the-meter-data-centers

### DC-005 Riot Platforms Corsicana
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-005-riot-platforms-corsicana/
- Developer / tenant: Riot Platforms
- Segment: Crypto / HPC
- Location: Corsicana, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Dallas–Fort Worth
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Operating, expanding; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,000 MW (Facility / utility service); expected by 2030: 900 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 5,913 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 64.5 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: Bitcoin mining / HPC campus; facility power figure.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-006 IREN Childress
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-006-iren-childress/
- Developer / tenant: IREN
- Segment: Crypto / HPC
- Location: Childress, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Operating; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 750 MW (Facility / utility service); expected by 2030: 750 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 4,928 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 53.8 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: Utility service figure.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-007 Atlas Power Williston
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-007-atlas-power-williston/
- Developer / tenant: Atlas Power
- Segment: Crypto / HPC
- Location: Williston, ND (North Dakota, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: SPP; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Operating; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 700 MW (Reported (unspecified)); expected by 2030: 700 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 4,599 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 45.6 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: Region (SPP vs MISO) to verify.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-008 Riot Platforms Rockdale
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-008-riot-platforms-rockdale/
- Developer / tenant: Riot Platforms
- Segment: Crypto / HPC
- Location: Rockdale, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Operating; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 700 MW (Facility / utility service); expected by 2030: 700 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 4,599 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 50.2 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-009 Microsoft Fairwater Atlanta
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-009-microsoft-fairwater-atlanta/
- Developer / tenant: Microsoft
- Segment: Hyperscale AI
- Location: Fayetteville, GA (Georgia, United States); metro: Atlanta
- Grid region: Southeast utilities; electric utility: Georgia Power
- Status: Operating, expanding; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 636 MW (Reported (unspecified)); expected by 2030: 572 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 3,758 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 55.9 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: dcmap 636 MW (estimated) vs Electricchoice 1.5 GW; lower figure used.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/; Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-010 Bitdeer Texas
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-010-bitdeer-texas/
- Developer / tenant: Bitdeer
- Segment: Crypto / HPC
- Location: Rockdale, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Operating; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 563 MW (Reported (unspecified)); expected by 2030: 563 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 3,699 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 40.4 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-011 Tesla Cortex 2 (Giga Texas)
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-011-tesla-cortex-2-giga-texas/
- Developer / tenant: Tesla
- Segment: Hyperscale AI
- Location: Austin, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Austin
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Operating, expanding; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 500 MW (Reported (unspecified)); expected by 2030: 450 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,956 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 32.3 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: Estimated program figure.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-012 TA Realty Leesburg campus
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-012-ta-realty-leesburg-campus/
- Developer / tenant: TA Realty
- Segment: Colocation
- Location: Leesburg, VA (Virginia, United States); metro: Washington DC
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: Dominion Energy Virginia
- Status: Operating; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 450 MW (Reported (unspecified)); expected by 2030: 450 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,956 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 35.2 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: 20335 Celtic Park Drive campus.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-013 Core Scientific Muskogee 2
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-013-core-scientific-muskogee-2/
- Developer / tenant: Core Scientific
- Segment: Crypto / HPC
- Location: Muskogee, OK (Oklahoma, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: SPP; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Operating; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 440 MW (Facility / utility service); expected by 2030: 440 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,891 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 28.7 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: Estimated.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-014 STACK NVA02
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-014-stack-nva02/
- Developer / tenant: STACK Infrastructure
- Segment: Colocation
- Location: Bristow, VA (Virginia, United States); metro: Washington DC
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Operating; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 420 MW (IT load); expected by 2030: 504 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 3,311 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 39.4 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: Critical IT load figure.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-015 Data Journey The Bunker
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-015-data-journey-the-bunker/
- Developer / tenant: Data Journey
- Segment: Colocation
- Location: Montgomery, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Houston
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Operating; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 400 MW (Reported (unspecified)); expected by 2030: 400 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,628 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 28.7 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Research note: Estimated.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-016 Core Scientific Denton
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-016-core-scientific-denton/
- Developer / tenant: Core Scientific
- Segment: Crypto / HPC
- Location: Denton, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Dallas–Fort Worth
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Operating; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 394 MW (Reported (unspecified)); expected by 2030: 394 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,589 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 28.2 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: Converted to AI/HPC hosting.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-017 Compass Red Oak DFW III
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-017-compass-red-oak-dfw-iii/
- Developer / tenant: Compass Datacenters
- Segment: Colocation
- Location: Red Oak, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Dallas–Fort Worth
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: Oncor
- Status: Operating, expanding; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 360 MW (Reported (unspecified)); expected by 2030: 324 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,129 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 23.2 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-018 Hyperscale Data Michigan
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-018-hyperscale-data-michigan/
- Developer / tenant: Hyperscale Data, Inc.
- Segment: Crypto / HPC
- Location: Dowagiac, MI (Michigan, United States); metro: South Bend
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Operating; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 340 MW (Facility / utility service); expected by 2030: 340 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,234 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 26.6 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Research note: Site power figure.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-019 Fermi America Project Matador (HyperGrid)
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-019-fermi-america-project-matador-hypergrid/
- Developer / tenant: Fermi America
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Amarillo (Carson County), TX (Texas, United States); metro: Amarillo
- Grid region: SPP; electric utility: Off-grid / on-site
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 11,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 2,640 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 17,345 GWh
- Power supply: On-site gas; added gas burn: 435.8 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Gas; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Latest update: TensorWave signed a binding 222 MW, $6.5B lease (Aug 2026); closing extended to Oct 31, 2026 pending a guaranty. First tenant had exited in Dec 2025.
- Research note: dcmap cites 17,000 MW; Blackridge/Brightlio up to 11 GW; Electricchoice lists Phase 1 at a 2 GW target. Gas plus planned nuclear.
- Sources: Blackridge Research, "Upcoming largest data center projects in the United States" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.blackridgeresearch.com/blog/upcoming-largest-data-center-projects-in-united-states-usa; dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/; ABC7 Amarillo, "Fermi America releases statement after losing funding from first major tenant" (Dec 12, 2025) https://www.abc7amarillo.com/news/local/fermi-america-releases-statement-after-losing-funding-from-first-major-tenant; Converge Digest, "Fermi America resets timeline for Project Matador" (2026) https://convergedigest.com/fermi-america-resets-timeline-for-project-matador/?amp=1; Fermi Inc. (Newswire), "Fermi and TensorWave agree to extend closing date to October 31, 2026" (Sept 22, 2026) https://www.newswire.com/news/fermi-and-tensorwave-agree-to-extend-closing-date-to-october-31-2026

### DC-020 Creekstone Delta Gigasite
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-020-creekstone-delta-gigasite/
- Developer / tenant: Creekstone Energy
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Delta, UT (Utah, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: West: Mountain/Northwest; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Under construction; online / target: 2027
- Announced: 10,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 2,400 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 15,768 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 156.4 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: Over 10 GW announced electrical buildout.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/; Newsweek, "Map: states with the biggest data centers being built" (2026) https://www.newsweek.com/map-states-biggest-data-centers-being-built-12574267

### DC-021 PORTS Technology Campus
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-021-ports-technology-campus/
- Developer / tenant: SB Energy / SoftBank (New Day Data Centers)
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Piketon, OH (Ohio, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 10,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 2,400 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 15,768 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 187.6 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Grid + gas; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: Newsweek/Data Center Index: 8 GW. Electricchoice lists 10 GW and a separate 8 GW 'PORTS-Pike' row; treated as one project. AEP reports about 9 GW of contracted load at Piketon (Q3 2026 call); construction expected to begin Q1 2027.
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/; Newsweek, "Map: states with the biggest data centers being built" (2026) https://www.newsweek.com/map-states-biggest-data-centers-being-built-12574267; The Motley Fool, "AEP Q3 2026 earnings call transcript" (Oct 28, 2026) https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/10/28/aep-q3-2026-earnings-call-transcript/

### DC-022 Stratos AI Data Center Campus
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-022-stratos-ai-data-center-campus/
- Developer / tenant: O'Leary Digital
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Lucin, UT (Utah, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: West: Mountain/Northwest; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Proposed; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 9,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 405 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,661 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 26.4 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-023 New Era Lea County Data Center
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-023-new-era-lea-county-data-center/
- Developer / tenant: New Era Energy & Digital
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Lovington, NM (New Mexico, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: SPP; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Proposed; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 7,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 315 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,070 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 20.5 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/; Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-024 GW Ranch (Pecos County)
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-024-gw-ranch-pecos-county/
- Developer / tenant: Tenant per dcmap: Amazon
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Fort Stockton, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: Off-grid / on-site
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 7,650 MW (Generation nameplate); expected by 2030: 1,469 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 9,651 GWh
- Power supply: On-site gas; added gas burn: 242.4 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Gas; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: 7,650 MW gas generation nameplate. Developer/tenant attribution to verify. Poolside 'Project Horizon' (DC-049) may share this site.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-025 Data City Texas
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-025-data-city-texas/
- Developer / tenant: Energy Abundance Development Corp.
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Laredo, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Laredo
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Proposed; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 5,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 225 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 1,478 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 16.1 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/; Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-026 Sailfish Comanche Circle
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-026-sailfish-comanche-circle/
- Developer / tenant: Sailfish Digital Ventures
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Tolar, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Dallas–Fort Worth
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Proposed; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 5,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 225 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 1,478 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 16.1 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Research note: dcmap 5 GW; Electricchoice 2 GW.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/; Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-027 Meta Hyperion
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-027-meta-hyperion/
- Developer / tenant: Meta
- Segment: Hyperscale AI
- Location: Richland Parish (Holly Ridge), LA (Louisiana, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: MISO; electric utility: Entergy Louisiana
- Status: Under construction; online / target: 2028
- Announced: 5,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 1,200 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 7,884 GWh
- Power supply: Grid, dedicated gas plants; added gas burn: 156.4 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Grid + gas; confidence B (Several consistent sources)
- Latest update: Entergy seeks 7 more gas plants (10 in total, about 7.5 GW); Louisiana PSC decision due Dec 2026 (Docket 32728).
- Research note: Entergy building three combined-cycle units (~2.3 GW) for the campus (S&P). Electricchoice lists 2 GW (initial phase).
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/; S&P Global Commodity Insights, "CERAWeek: US producers and top regulator see gas winning resource competition to power AI" (Mar 14, 2025) https://spglobal.com/commodity-insights/en/news-research/latest-news/natural-gas/031425-ceraweek-us-producers-top-regulator-see-gas-winning-resource-competition-to-power-ai; Union of Concerned Scientists, "Louisiana regulators fast-track seven-gas-plant proposal for Meta data center" (Apr 15, 2026) https://www.ucs.org/about/news/louisiana-regulators-fast-track-7-gas-plant-proposal-meta-data-center; WWNO, "Advocates cite lack of transparency, rising costs as regulators fast-track second Meta data center" (Apr 21, 2026) https://www.wwno.org/coastal-desk/2026-04-21/advocates-cite-lack-of-transparency-rising-costs-as-regulators-fast-track-second-meta-data-center; Earthjustice, "Advocates appeal Louisiana PSC decision on Meta data center" (2026) https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/advocates-appeal-louisiana-pscs-arbitrary-and-capricious-decision-to-let-meta-off-the-hook-for-its-data-center-project

### DC-028 Roswell Information Park
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-028-roswell-information-park/
- Developer / tenant: Roswell Information Park LLC
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Roswell, NM (New Mexico, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: SPP; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Proposed; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 4,960 MW (Reported (unspecified)); expected by 2030: 223 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 1,465 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 14.5 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-029 Homer City Energy Campus
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-029-homer-city-energy-campus/
- Developer / tenant: Homer City Redevelopment
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Homer City, PA (Pennsylvania, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: On-site
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 4,500 MW (Generation nameplate); expected by 2030: 864 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 5,676 GWh
- Power supply: On-site gas; added gas burn: 142.6 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Gas; confidence B (Several consistent sources)
- Research note: 4.5 GW gas-fired plant on a former coal site.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/; Latitude Media, "Is gas really winning the AI race?" (2026) https://www.latitudemedia.com/news/is-gas-really-winning-the-ai-race/

### DC-030 Joule Energy & Data Center Campus
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-030-joule-energy-and-data-center-campus/
- Developer / tenant: Joule Capital Partners
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Holden (Millard County), UT (Utah, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: West: Mountain/Northwest; electric utility: On-site
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 4,000 MW (Generation nameplate); expected by 2030: 768 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 5,046 GWh
- Power supply: On-site gas; added gas burn: 126.8 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Gas; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: dcmap: 4,000 MW onsite generation. Fuel assumed natural gas; verify.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/; Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-031 Caldwell County campuses (PowerHouse / Tract)
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-031-caldwell-county-campuses-powerhouse-tract/
- Developer / tenant: PowerHouse; Tract
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Uhland, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Austin
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 4,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 420 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,759 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 30.1 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Research note: Electricchoice lists PowerHouse Caldwell County (4 GW) and Tract Caldwell Valley (2 GW); dcmap lists Tract at 4 GW. Kept as one row pending dedup.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/; Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-032 Galaxy Project Merlin (Helios II)
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-032-galaxy-project-merlin-helios-ii/
- Developer / tenant: Galaxy Digital
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: McGregor, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Waco
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 3,500 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 368 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,418 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 26.3 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-033 OpenAI Project Camellia
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-033-openai-project-camellia/
- Developer / tenant: OpenAI
- Segment: Hyperscale AI
- Location: Effingham County, GA (Georgia, United States); metro: Savannah
- Grid region: Southeast utilities; electric utility: Georgia Power
- Status: Approved; online / target: 2028
- Announced: 3,210 MW (Facility / utility service); expected by 2030: 626 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 4,113 GWh
- Power supply: Grid (Georgia Power); added gas burn: 61.2 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence B (Several consistent sources)
- Latest update: Nov 3, 2026: Georgia Power signed a 3.2 GW, 25-year contract; service from 2028, 1 GW flexible. Status raised from Announced.
- Research note: dcmap: 3,210 MW peak connected load (estimated).
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/; Blackridge Research, "Upcoming largest data center projects in the United States" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.blackridgeresearch.com/blog/upcoming-largest-data-center-projects-in-united-states-usa; Utility Dive, "Southern Co. contracted large load reaches 17 GW" (Aug 4, 2026) https://utilitydive.com/news/southern-co-contracted-large-load-data-centers/826919

### DC-034 Stak Energy North Slope
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-034-stak-energy-north-slope/
- Developer / tenant: Stak Energy
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: North Slope, AK (Alaska, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: Alaska; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Proposed; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 3,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 270 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 1,774 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 31.7 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-035 Amazon Northeast Creek Technology Campus
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-035-amazon-northeast-creek-technology-campus/
- Developer / tenant: Amazon
- Segment: Hyperscale
- Location: Louisa County, VA (Virginia, United States); metro: Richmond
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: Dominion Energy Virginia
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 2,700 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 1,296 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 8,515 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 101.3 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: Electricchoice also lists 'North Creek' at Mineral, VA (3 GW); same campus.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/; Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-036 Google Project Tembo
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-036-google-project-tembo/
- Developer / tenant: Google
- Segment: Hyperscale
- Location: Cheyenne, WY (Wyoming, United States); metro: Cheyenne
- Grid region: West: Mountain/Northwest; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 2,700 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 1,296 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 8,515 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 84.4 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: Formerly Project Jade.
- Sources: Blackridge Research, "Upcoming largest data center projects in the United States" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.blackridgeresearch.com/blog/upcoming-largest-data-center-projects-in-united-states-usa; Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-037 AWS Northern Indiana (Hobart)
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-037-aws-northern-indiana-hobart/
- Developer / tenant: Amazon
- Segment: Hyperscale
- Location: Hobart, IN (Indiana, United States); metro: Chicago
- Grid region: MISO; electric utility: NIPSCO
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 2,400 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 1,152 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 7,569 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 90.1 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: Brightlio: 2.4 GW across multiple campuses.
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/; Brightlio, "Largest data centers in the US" (accessed Oct 2026) https://brightlio.com/largest-data-centers-in-us/

### DC-038 Amazon Project Rainier
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-038-amazon-project-rainier/
- Developer / tenant: Amazon (for Anthropic)
- Segment: Hyperscale AI
- Location: New Carlisle, IN (Indiana, United States); metro: South Bend
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: Indiana Michigan Power (AEP)
- Status: Operating, expanding; online / target: 2025–
- Announced: 2,200 MW (Reported (unspecified)); expected by 2030: 1,188 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 7,805 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 92.9 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: 2.2 GW figure from 2025 press coverage; verify against primary source.
- Sources: Smarter Labor, "The gigawatt era: inside the 5 largest data center projects in America in 2026" (2026) https://www.smarterlabor.com/blog/the-gigawatt-era-inside-the-5-largest-data-center-projects-in-america-in-2026

### DC-039 Tract Hanover Technology Park
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-039-tract-hanover-technology-park/
- Developer / tenant: Tract
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Ashland, VA (Virginia, United States); metro: Richmond
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: Dominion Energy Virginia
- Status: Approved; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 2,400 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 936 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 6,150 GWh
- Power supply: Grid (Dominion); added gas burn: 73.2 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence B (Several consistent sources)
- Latest update: Hanover supervisors rezoned the 1,200-acre park (Hickory Hill Rd) in April 2024. Status raised from Announced.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/; Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/; Southern Business & Development, "Hanover County, Va. OKs 1,200-acre data center project near Ashland" (Apr 4, 2024) https://southernbusiness.com/?p=643272

### DC-040 Adams Fork Data Center Energy Campus
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-040-adams-fork-data-center-energy-campus/
- Developer / tenant: TransGas Development Systems
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Wharncliffe, WV (West Virginia, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: On-site
- Status: Proposed; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 2,400 MW (Generation nameplate); expected by 2030: 173 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 1,137 GWh
- Power supply: On-site gas; added gas burn: 28.5 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Gas; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Research note: dcmap shows two Adams Fork listings (Wharncliffe and Holden, WV); treated as one.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-041 Amp Energy East Texas
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-041-amp-energy-east-texas/
- Developer / tenant: Amp Z
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Lufkin, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Proposed; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 2,100 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 189 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 1,242 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 13.5 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Research note: Region (ERCOT vs MISO/SPP) to verify.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-042 Aligned Shippingport (Bruce Mansfield)
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-042-aligned-shippingport-bruce-mansfield/
- Developer / tenant: Aligned Data Centers
- Segment: Colocation
- Location: Shippingport, PA (Pennsylvania, United States); metro: Pittsburgh
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 2,000 MW (Reported (unspecified)); expected by 2030: 960 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 6,307 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 75.1 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: Estimated.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-043 Microsoft Pecos Campus (Project Kilby)
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-043-microsoft-pecos-campus-project-kilby/
- Developer / tenant: Microsoft
- Segment: Hyperscale
- Location: Pecos, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: Off-grid / on-site (Chevron PPA)
- Status: Approved; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 2,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 780 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 5,125 GWh
- Power supply: On-site gas (Chevron, 20-year PPA); added gas burn: 128.7 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Gas; confidence B (Several consistent sources)
- Latest update: Jul 2, 2026: 2 GW campus powered by a co-located Chevron gas plant under a 20-year PPA, off the grid at launch. Status raised from Announced; supply changed to on-site gas.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/; Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/; Orrick, "Microsoft expands global data center capacity with 2 GW data center and co-located power facility in West Texas" (Jul 2, 2026) https://www.orrick.com/en/News/2026/07/Microsoft-Expands-Global-Data-Center-Capacity-with-2-GW-Data-Center-and-Co-Located-Power-Facility; Modo Energy, "ERCOT data center buildout forecast, October 2026" (Oct 21, 2026) https://modoenergy.com/research/en/ercot-data-center-buildout-forecast-october-2026

### DC-044 Eneus Energy Harlingen
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-044-eneus-energy-harlingen/
- Developer / tenant: Eneus Energy
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Harlingen, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Brownsville–Harlingen
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Proposed; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 2,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 180 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 1,183 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 12.9 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-045 Rubix Project Ashland
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-045-rubix-project-ashland/
- Developer / tenant: Rubix Data Centers
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Russell, KY (Kentucky, United States); metro: Huntington–Ashland
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: Kentucky Power (AEP)
- Status: Proposed; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 2,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 180 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 1,183 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 14.1 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-046 Digital Realty Astra Enterprise Park
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-046-digital-realty-astra-enterprise-park/
- Developer / tenant: Digital Realty
- Segment: Colocation
- Location: De Soto, KS (Kansas, United States); metro: Kansas City
- Grid region: SPP; electric utility: Evergy
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 2,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 420 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,759 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 27.4 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-047 Tract TRIC Master-Planned Park
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-047-tract-tric-master-planned-park/
- Developer / tenant: Tract
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Sparks (Storey County), NV (Nevada, United States); metro: Reno
- Grid region: West: Mountain/Northwest; electric utility: NV Energy
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 2,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 420 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,759 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 27.4 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Latest update: Sept 2026: Nevada PUC approved 362 MW of temporary gas plants (Fleet Data Centers, a Tract affiliate) at TRIC until NV Energy service arrives in 2–3 years.
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/; ConstructConnect, "Nevada regulators approve 362 MW of temporary power projects for data centers" (Sept 21, 2026) https://news.constructconnect.com/nevada-regulators-approve-362-mw-of-temporary-power-projects-for-data-centers

### DC-048 IREN Sweetwater
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-048-iren-sweetwater/
- Developer / tenant: IREN
- Segment: Crypto / HPC
- Location: Sweetwater, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 2,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 960 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 6,307 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 68.8 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-049 Poolside Project Horizon
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-049-poolside-project-horizon/
- Developer / tenant: Poolside AI
- Segment: Hyperscale AI
- Location: Fort Stockton, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 2,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 420 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,759 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 30.1 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Research note: May share the GW Ranch site (DC-024); dedup check needed.
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-050 Fundamental Data Ridgeline
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-050-fundamental-data-ridgeline/
- Developer / tenant: Fundamental Data
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Hambleton, WV (West Virginia, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Proposed; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 2,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 180 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 1,183 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 14.1 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-051 Nscale Monarch Compute Campus
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-051-nscale-monarch-compute-campus/
- Developer / tenant: Nscale
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Point Pleasant, WV (West Virginia, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 2,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 960 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 6,307 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 75.1 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: dcmap: 8+ GW potential campus power; 2 GW near-term figure used.
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/; dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-052 Project Bunkhouse
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-052-project-bunkhouse/
- Developer / tenant: Taurus / Digital Realty
- Segment: Colocation
- Location: Stilesboro, GA (Georgia, United States); metro: Atlanta
- Grid region: Southeast utilities; electric utility: Georgia Power
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,830 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 384 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,523 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 37.6 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-053 Tract Buckeye Tech Corridor
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-053-tract-buckeye-tech-corridor/
- Developer / tenant: Tract
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Buckeye, AZ (Arizona, United States); metro: Phoenix
- Grid region: West: Desert Southwest; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,800 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 378 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,483 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 29.6 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-054 Joliet Technology Center
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-054-joliet-technology-center/
- Developer / tenant: Hillwood / PowerHouse
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Joliet, IL (Illinois, United States); metro: Chicago
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: ComEd
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,800 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 378 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,483 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 29.6 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-055 Project Cardinal
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-055-project-cardinal/
- Developer / tenant: Pioneer Development
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Yorkville, IL (Illinois, United States); metro: Chicago
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: ComEd
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,800 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 378 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,483 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 29.6 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-056 Paducah GDP AI Campus
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-056-paducah-gdp-ai-campus/
- Developer / tenant: Brookfield / NextEra
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Kevil, KY (Kentucky, United States); metro: Paducah
- Grid region: Southeast utilities; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,800 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 378 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,483 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 36.9 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: Region/utility to verify (TVA vs MISO).
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-057 PowerHouse Grand Prairie Campus
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-057-powerhouse-grand-prairie-campus/
- Developer / tenant: PowerHouse Data Centers
- Segment: Colocation
- Location: Grand Prairie, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Dallas–Fort Worth
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: Oncor
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,800 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 864 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 5,676 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 61.9 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-058 Stark Hallam Hyperscale
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-058-stark-hallam-hyperscale/
- Developer / tenant: Stark Power
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Hallam, NE (Nebraska, United States); metro: Lincoln
- Grid region: SPP; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,700 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 357 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,345 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 23.3 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-059 Galaxy Helios Campus
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-059-galaxy-helios-campus/
- Developer / tenant: Galaxy Digital
- Segment: Crypto / HPC
- Location: Afton (Dickens County), TX (Texas, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,630 MW (Facility / utility service); expected by 2030: 782 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 5,138 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 56.1 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence B (Several consistent sources)
- Research note: 1.6 GW of approved grid capacity; long-term potential up to 3.5 GW (Blackridge).
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/; Blackridge Research, "Upcoming largest data center projects in the United States" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.blackridgeresearch.com/blog/upcoming-largest-data-center-projects-in-united-states-usa

### DC-060 Tract Silver Springs Park
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-060-tract-silver-springs-park/
- Developer / tenant: Tract
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Silver Springs, NV (Nevada, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: West: Mountain/Northwest; electric utility: NV Energy
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,600 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 336 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,208 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 21.9 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-061 IREN SE Oklahoma Campus
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-061-iren-se-oklahoma-campus/
- Developer / tenant: IREN
- Segment: Crypto / HPC
- Location: Clayton, OK (Oklahoma, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: SPP; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,600 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 336 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,208 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 21.9 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-062 IREN Woods County Campus
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-062-iren-woods-county-campus/
- Developer / tenant: IREN
- Segment: Crypto / HPC
- Location: Alva, OK (Oklahoma, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: SPP; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,600 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 336 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,208 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 21.9 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-063 Wildcat Ridge AI Campus
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-063-wildcat-ridge-ai-campus/
- Developer / tenant: Cornell Realty Management
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Archbald, PA (Pennsylvania, United States); metro: Scranton–Wilkes-Barre
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: PPL
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,600 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 336 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,208 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 26.3 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-064 Hassayampa Ranch Data Center
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-064-hassayampa-ranch-data-center/
- Developer / tenant: Arizona Land Consulting
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Tonopah, AZ (Arizona, United States); metro: Phoenix
- Grid region: West: Desert Southwest; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Proposed; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,500 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 135 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 887 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 10.6 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 1 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-065 AWS Project Galaxy
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-065-aws-project-galaxy/
- Developer / tenant: Amazon
- Segment: Hyperscale
- Location: Sidney, OH (Ohio, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,500 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 720 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 4,730 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 56.3 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-066 Stargate Lordstown
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-066-stargate-lordstown/
- Developer / tenant: OpenAI / SoftBank / Oracle
- Segment: Hyperscale AI
- Location: Lordstown, OH (Ohio, United States); metro: Youngstown
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,500 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 720 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 4,730 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 56.3 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-067 Cloverleaf Project Open Sky
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-067-cloverleaf-project-open-sky/
- Developer / tenant: Cloverleaf Infrastructure
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Piedmont, OK (Oklahoma, United States); metro: Oklahoma City
- Grid region: SPP; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,500 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 315 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,070 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 20.5 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-068 Core Scientific Pecos AI Campus
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-068-core-scientific-pecos-ai-campus/
- Developer / tenant: Core Scientific
- Segment: Crypto / HPC
- Location: Pecos, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,500 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 720 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 4,730 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 51.6 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-069 Crusoe Victoria AI Factory
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-069-crusoe-victoria-ai-factory/
- Developer / tenant: Crusoe
- Segment: Hyperscale AI
- Location: Victoria, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Victoria
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,500 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 315 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,070 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 22.6 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-070 AWS Wilderness Crossing
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-070-aws-wilderness-crossing/
- Developer / tenant: Amazon
- Segment: Hyperscale
- Location: Montford (Orange County), VA (Virginia, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,500 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 315 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,070 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 24.6 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Sources: Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/

### DC-071 Vantage Frontier (Stargate)
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-071-vantage-frontier-stargate/
- Developer / tenant: Vantage Data Centers
- Segment: Hyperscale AI
- Location: Shackelford County, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: Off-grid initially
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,400 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 672 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 4,415 GWh
- Power supply: Grid + on-site gas; added gas burn: 73.3 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid + gas; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: ~700 MW Voltagrid gas microgrid, off-grid initially (itk).
- Sources: Blackridge Research, "Upcoming largest data center projects in the United States" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.blackridgeresearch.com/blog/upcoming-largest-data-center-projects-in-united-states-usa; itk, "US data centres: power sources" (2026) https://itkservices3.com/background/data_centres_usa

### DC-072 Stargate Michigan 'The Barn'
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-072-stargate-michigan-the-barn/
- Developer / tenant: Related Digital (OpenAI / Oracle)
- Segment: Hyperscale AI
- Location: Saline Township, MI (Michigan, United States); metro: Ann Arbor
- Grid region: MISO; electric utility: DTE
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,400 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 672 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 4,415 GWh
- Power supply: Grid (DTE); added gas burn: 52.5 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence B (Several consistent sources)
- Latest update: DTE signed a 1.4 GW contract, its first data center contract.
- Sources: Blackridge Research, "Upcoming largest data center projects in the United States" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.blackridgeresearch.com/blog/upcoming-largest-data-center-projects-in-united-states-usa; Business Insider via AOL, "AI is driving data center power demand" (2026) https://www.aol.com/articles/ai-driving-data-center-power-172956000.html; Latitude Media, "Third quarter earnings and utilities' data center moment" (Nov 12, 2025) https://www.latitudemedia.com/news/third-quarter-earnings-and-utilities-data-center-moment/

### DC-073 Stargate Abilene
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-073-stargate-abilene/
- Developer / tenant: Crusoe / Oracle / OpenAI
- Segment: Hyperscale AI
- Location: Abilene, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Abilene
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD + on-site gas
- Status: Operating, expanding; online / target: 2025–
- Announced: 1,200 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 648 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 4,257 GWh
- Power supply: Grid + on-site gas; added gas burn: 61.0 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence B (Several consistent sources)
- Research note: First buildings online Sept 2025. 360 MW of on-site gas turbines; a major air permit was sought to add more. Reports conflict on the expansion (itk: 600 MW expansion cancelled; execgraph: 900 MW on-site plant planned).
- Sources: Smarter Labor, "The gigawatt era: inside the 5 largest data center projects in America in 2026" (2026) https://www.smarterlabor.com/blog/the-gigawatt-era-inside-the-5-largest-data-center-projects-in-america-in-2026; Texas Tribune, "Texas data centers, AI power plants and state pollution permits" (Jul 9, 2026) https://www.texastribune.org/2026/07/09/texas-data-centers-ai-power-plants-pollution-state-permits/

### DC-074 Stargate Milam County (Project Freebird)
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-074-stargate-milam-county-project-freebird/
- Developer / tenant: SB Energy
- Segment: Hyperscale AI
- Location: Burlington (Milam County), TX (Texas, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,200 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 576 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 3,784 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 41.3 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: On-site supply type undisclosed.
- Sources: Blackridge Research, "Upcoming largest data center projects in the United States" (accessed Oct 2026) https://www.blackridgeresearch.com/blog/upcoming-largest-data-center-projects-in-united-states-usa

### DC-075 Stargate Project Jupiter
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-075-stargate-project-jupiter/
- Developer / tenant: STACK Infrastructure / BorderPlex Digital Assets
- Segment: Hyperscale AI
- Location: Santa Teresa (Doña Ana County), NM (New Mexico, United States); metro: Las Cruces
- Grid region: West: Desert Southwest; electric utility: On-site
- Status: Under construction; online / target: 2029
- Announced: 2,450 MW (Generation nameplate); expected by 2030: 941 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 6,182 GWh
- Power supply: On-site fuel cells (Bloom, gas); added gas burn: 114.4 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Gas; confidence B (Several consistent sources)
- Latest update: Jul 1, 2026: Oracle replaced gas turbines with Bloom fuel cells (over 2 GW resource); New Mexico rejected the gas pipeline.
- Research note: 2.45 GW on-site plant; New Mexico blocked the planned gas pipeline (Distilled).
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/; Distilled, "Data center developers want to build behind the meter" (2026) https://www.distilled.earth/p/data-center-developers-want-to-build; Oracle, "We've overhauled Project Jupiter's power plan" (Jul 1, 2026) https://www.oracle.com/news/announcement/blog/weve-overhauled-project-jupiters-power-plan-2026-07-01/

### DC-076 Meta El Paso
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-076-meta-el-paso/
- Developer / tenant: Meta
- Segment: Hyperscale AI
- Location: El Paso, TX (Texas, United States); metro: El Paso
- Grid region: West: Desert Southwest; electric utility: El Paso Electric
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 800 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 5,256 GWh
- Power supply: Grid + on-site gas; added gas burn: 82.9 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid + gas; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: ~366 MW on-site (Enchanted Rock) per itk.
- Sources: Business Insider via AOL, "AI is driving data center power demand" (2026) https://www.aol.com/articles/ai-driving-data-center-power-172956000.html; itk, "US data centres: power sources" (2026) https://itkservices3.com/background/data_centres_usa

### DC-077 Meta Lebanon
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-077-meta-lebanon/
- Developer / tenant: Meta
- Segment: Hyperscale AI
- Location: Lebanon, IN (Indiana, United States); metro: Indianapolis
- Grid region: MISO; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Under construction; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 800 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 5,256 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 62.5 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: Broke ground early 2026; 1,500 acres.
- Sources: Business Insider via AOL, "AI is driving data center power demand" (2026) https://www.aol.com/articles/ai-driving-data-center-power-172956000.html

### DC-078 Nebius Independence
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-078-nebius-independence/
- Developer / tenant: Nebius
- Segment: Hyperscale AI
- Location: Independence, MO (Missouri, United States); metro: Kansas City
- Grid region: SPP; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,200 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 252 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 1,656 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 16.4 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: Up to 1.2 GW on ~400 acres.
- Sources: Business Insider via AOL, "AI is driving data center power demand" (2026) https://www.aol.com/articles/ai-driving-data-center-power-172956000.html

### DC-079 CloudBurst San Marcos Data Center I
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-079-cloudburst-san-marcos-data-center-i/
- Developer / tenant: CloudBurst
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: San Marcos, TX (Texas, United States); metro: Austin
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,200 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 252 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 1,656 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 18.1 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: 706 acres.
- Sources: Business Insider via AOL, "AI is driving data center power demand" (2026) https://www.aol.com/articles/ai-driving-data-center-power-172956000.html

### DC-080 Meta Prometheus
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-080-meta-prometheus/
- Developer / tenant: Meta
- Segment: Hyperscale AI
- Location: New Albany, OH (Ohio, United States); metro: Columbus
- Grid region: PJM; electric utility: AEP Ohio + on-site gas
- Status: Operating, expanding; online / target: 2026
- Announced: 1,000 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 900 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 5,913 GWh
- Power supply: Grid + on-site gas; added gas burn: 82.9 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Grid + gas; confidence B (Several consistent sources)
- Latest update: Oct 19, 2026: Meta says the first phase is complete and live, running hundreds of thousands of GPUs.
- Research note: Williams 'Socrates' behind-the-meter gas; 200 MW listed for Socrates South.
- Sources: Smarter Labor, "The gigawatt era: inside the 5 largest data center projects in America in 2026" (2026) https://www.smarterlabor.com/blog/the-gigawatt-era-inside-the-5-largest-data-center-projects-in-america-in-2026; Exponential Industry, "Data center power roadmap" (2026) https://exponentialindustry.com/ontology/datacenter-power/; The Next Web, "Meta details Prometheus, the Ohio supercluster heading for 1 million GPUs" (Oct 20, 2026) https://thenextweb.com/news/meta-prometheus-supercluster-1-million-gpus-muse; Data Center Dynamics, "Meta details Ohio Prometheus data center campus, with first phase live" (2026) https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/meta-details-ohio-prometheus-data-center-campus-with-first-phase-live/

### DC-081 Google / Tenaska SE Nebraska
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-081-google-tenaska-se-nebraska/
- Developer / tenant: Google
- Segment: Hyperscale
- Location: Southeast Nebraska, NE (Nebraska, United States); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: SPP; electric utility: TBD
- Status: Proposed; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,000 MW (Reported (unspecified)); expected by 2030: 150 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 986 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 9.8 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence D (Conflicting or estimated figures)
- Research note: Published range 1,000–3,000 MW; low end used.
- Sources: dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026) https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/

### DC-082 Wonder Valley
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-082-wonder-valley/
- Developer / tenant: O'Leary Ventures
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Greenview (MD), AB (Alberta, Canada); metro: Non-metro
- Grid region: Alberta (AESO); electric utility: Off-grid / on-site
- Status: Proposed; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 7,500 MW (Campus potential); expected by 2030: 338 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,221 GWh
- Power supply: On-site gas; added gas burn: 55.7 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 3 of 4 bolts, driver Gas; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Research note: Announced at 7.5 GW (NGW); DC Byte cites 5.6 GW; up to 9 GW on-site generation reported.
- Sources: Natural Gas World, "VC unveils plan for 7.5 GW data centre in Alberta" (2025) https://www.naturalgasworld.com/vc-unveils-plan-for-7.5-gw-data-centre-in-alberta-118787; Electrical Industry News (DC Byte), "Canada data centre market" (2026) https://electricalindustry.ca/?p=83345; BNN Bloomberg (Canadian Press), "Canada data centre capacity could soar to 20 GW in planned projects: government document" (Jul 8, 2026) https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/business/politics/2026/07/08/canada-data-centre-capacity-could-soar-to-20-gw-in-planned-projects-government-document/

### DC-083 Meta Sturgeon County
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-083-meta-sturgeon-county/
- Developer / tenant: Meta
- Segment: Hyperscale AI
- Location: Sturgeon County, AB (Alberta, Canada); metro: Edmonton
- Grid region: Alberta (AESO); electric utility: AESO grid + dedicated gas plant
- Status: Announced; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 1,000 MW (Reported (unspecified)); expected by 2030: 350 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,300 GWh
- Power supply: Dedicated gas plant ($4.6B, Pembina-led); added gas burn: 45.6 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid + gas; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Latest update: Paired with a new generating station; Alberta gives bring-your-own-generation projects priority (June 2026).
- Research note: C$13B 'gigawatt-scale' campus announced July 2026.
- Sources: Mondaq (Canadian law firm article), "Data Centre West 2026: Alberta's digital infrastructure moment has arrived" (2026) https://www.mondaq.com/canada/oil-gas-electricity/1846156/data-centre-west-2026-albertas-digital-infrastructure-moment-has-arrived; Government of Alberta, "Is Alberta's grid ready? (data centres)" (Jul 30, 2026 data) https://www.alberta.ca/datacentres/grid; BNN Bloomberg (Canadian Press), "Canada data centre capacity could soar to 20 GW in planned projects: government document" (Jul 8, 2026) https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/business/politics/2026/07/08/canada-data-centre-capacity-could-soar-to-20-gw-in-planned-projects-government-document/

### DC-084 TransAlta Keephills data centre
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-084-transalta-keephills-data-centre/
- Developer / tenant: TransAlta
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Keephills (Parkland County), AB (Alberta, Canada); metro: Edmonton
- Grid region: Alberta (AESO); electric utility: AESO grid
- Status: Approved; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 230 MW (Facility / utility service); expected by 2030: 150 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 986 GWh
- Power supply: Grid; added gas burn: 17.5 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 1 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence B (Several consistent sources)
- Research note: 230 MW of AESO's 1,200 MW Phase 1 large-load allocation.
- Sources: The Logic, "AESO large-load allocation" (2026) https://thelogic.co/?p=2067756; Government of Alberta, "Is Alberta's grid ready? (data centres)" (Jul 30, 2026 data) https://www.alberta.ca/datacentres/grid

### DC-085 Digital Realty Kokomo campus
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-085-digital-realty-kokomo-campus/
- Developer / tenant: Digital Realty
- Segment: Colocation
- Location: Kokomo (Howard County), IN (Indiana, United States); metro: Kokomo
- Grid region: MISO; electric utility: Duke Energy Indiana
- Status: Announced; online / target: 2027–2033
- Announced: 1,500 MW (Facility power (≈1 GW IT)); expected by 2030: 315 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 2,070 GWh
- Power supply: Grid (Duke Energy Indiana); added gas burn: 24.6 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 2 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Latest update: New Nov 3, 2026: about 1 GW IT (1.5 GW power) on 476 acres; council opened industrial sites to data centers Sept 14, 2026; build-out to 2033.
- Sources: Baxtel, "Digital Realty picks Kokomo for 1 GW campus, its first in Indiana" (Oct 17, 2026) https://baxtel.com/news/digital-realty-picks-kokomo-for-1gw-campus-its-first-in-indiana; Data Center Dynamics, "Digital Realty eyes gigawatt-scale data center site outside Indianapolis, Indiana" (2026) https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/digital-realty-eyes-gigawatt-scale-data-center-site-outside-indianapolis-indiana/

### DC-086 TerraWatt Alton (former Alton Steel)
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-086-terrawatt-alton-former-alton-steel/
- Developer / tenant: TerraWatt
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Alton (Madison County), IL (Illinois, United States); metro: St. Louis
- Grid region: MISO; electric utility: Ameren Illinois
- Status: Proposed; online / target: not disclosed
- Announced: 200 MW (Reported (unspecified)); expected by 2030: 30 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 197 GWh
- Power supply: Not disclosed; added gas burn: 2.3 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 1 of 4 bolts, driver Grid; confidence C (One secondary source)
- Latest update: New Nov 3, 2026: contingent purchase of the 381-acre steel site; rezoning and an Ameren Illinois study pending.
- Sources: St. Louis Public Radio, "TerraWatt data center proposal for the former Alton Steel site" (Oct 21, 2026) https://www.stlpr.org/economy-business/2026-10-21/alton-data-center-proposal; Data Center Dynamics, "Gigawatt-scale data center proposed for steel mill in Illinois" (2026) https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/gigawatt-scale-data-center-proposed-for-steel-mill-in-illinois/

### DC-087 Taylor Technology Campus
URL: https://datacenterindex.info/campuses/dc-087-taylor-technology-campus/
- Developer / tenant: Big Watt Digital + PowerHouse Data Centers
- Segment: Developer campus
- Location: Taylor (Williamson County), TX (Texas, United States); metro: Austin
- Grid region: ERCOT; electric utility: Off-grid / on-site
- Status: Approved; online / target: H1 2028
- Announced: 1,000 MW (Reported (unspecified)); expected by 2030: 650 MW; annual energy at expected load: about 4,270 GWh
- Power supply: On-site gas (behind the meter); added gas burn: 107.3 MMcf/d (average day)
- Impact rating: 4 of 4 bolts, driver Gas; confidence B (Several consistent sources)
- Latest update: New Nov 3, 2026: Taylor council annexed the 664-acre site and approved a development agreement 5–0 on Oct 8, 2026. Off the ERCOT grid; first power H1 2028.
- Sources: Business Wire via Yahoo Finance, "Big Watt Digital and PowerHouse announce planning approval for Taylor Technology Campus" (Oct 9, 2026) https://finance.yahoo.com/technology/ai/articles/co-development-partners-big-watt-143500000.html; KUT (Austin NPR), "Taylor annexes data center site and power plant" (Oct 9, 2026) https://www.kut.org/energy-environment/2026-10-09/taylor-tx-annex-data-center-power-plant; Baxtel, "Taylor approves 1 GW gas-fired data center campus for Big Watt and PowerHouse" (Oct 15, 2026) https://baxtel.com/news/taylor-approves-1gw-gas-fired-data-center-campus-for-big-watt-powerhouse

## Watch list (not counted until verified)
- Project Roman (Google (via Intersect Power)), Near Hereford (Deaf Smith County), TX; likely grid region SPP (to confirm); size: Not disclosed; power: Self-supplied gas plant plus wind and solar; gas via NGPL Amarillo Expansion (550,000 Dth/d). Sources: https://www.newschannel10.com/2026/07/15/community-members-seek-answers-hereford-meeting-proposed-google-data-center/; https://naturalgasintel.com/news/google-data-center-anchors-550000-dthd-ngpl-natural-gas-expansion-in-texas/
- Meitner Energy Center (Google + Intersect Power), Gray and Roberts Counties, TX; likely grid region SPP (to confirm); size: Not disclosed; over 1 GW of co-located wind, solar and storage; power: Renewables with on-site gas for firming. Sources: https://www.pv-tech.org/google-intersect-launch-1gw-plus-clean-energy-backed-data-centre-project-in-texas/
- Google West Memphis (Google), West Memphis, AR; likely grid region MISO (Entergy Arkansas); size: Not disclosed; $4B first phase; power: Grid, with 600 MW solar and 350 MW battery (Cypress Solar). Sources: https://www.powermag.com/entergy-will-power-4-billion-google-data-center-in-arkansas/; https://finance.yahoo.com/energy/articles/entergy-corp-etr-q3-2026-070158071.html
- Dropped: Synapse's Olds, Alberta campus (the Alberta Utilities Commission rejected its 1.4 GW gas plant, August 2026).

## Frequently asked questions
Q: What is the Data Center Index?
A: A list of every data center campus of 100 MW or more in the US and Canada that entered service since 2021 or is under construction, approved, announced or proposed, with an estimate of the load each will put on the power grid and the natural gas system by 2030.

Q: Why is expected load so much lower than announced capacity?
A: Announced figures are often full-campus potential over a decade or more, and many projects never get built. We phase large campuses to what can plausibly run by 2030, then weight each by its build stage. That turns 205 GW announced into about 55 GW expected.

Q: How do data centers raise electric bills?
A: Through capacity prices, new transmission and new generation. In PJM, the market monitor attributes 38% of the 2028/29 capacity auction to data centers. Large-load tariffs decide how much of that reaches other customers.

Q: How do data centers affect natural gas supply?
A: Either directly, through on-site turbines, engines or fuel cells, or indirectly, through gas-fired plants built to serve the grid. We estimate about 5.1 Bcf/d of added gas burn on an average day across tracked campuses.

Q: What does the bolt rating mean?
A: One to four bolts for the strain a campus puts on the grid or gas system, from local (served by an existing substation) to gigawatt-class (reshapes regional planning). Solid bolts are operating or under construction; outlined bolts are announced or proposed.

Q: How current and verified is the data?
A: Pass 1 was compiled October 28, 2026 from public trackers, news and filings, and updated November 3, 2026 with regulatory filings, utility reports and legislative news. Each row carries a confidence grade from A to D, and changed rows are marked. New campuses stay on the watch list until verified. Primary-source checks start with the D-grade rows.

Q: Can I download the data?
A: Yes. Use the Download CSV button under the campus table. It exports the rows that match your current filters.

## Source log (159 sources)
- American Public Power Association, "DOE authorizes PJM to deploy backup generation at data centers and other major facilities" (May 19, 2026). Type: Advocacy & industry groups. Flag: Industry group. Used for: DOE Order 202-26-23. https://www.publicpower.org/periodical/article/doe-authorizes-pjm-deploy-backup-generation-resources-data-centers-and-other-major-facilities
- Ceres, "Behind-the-meter power: why air quality matters for data centre deployment" (Jun 25, 2026). Type: Advocacy & industry groups. Flag: Advocacy. Used for: Air permits. https://ceres.tech/newsroom/news-and-insights/behind-the-meter-power-why-air-quality-matters-for-data-centre-deployment/
- Citizens Utility Board, "Sustained high PJM capacity prices ramp up urgency for data center reform" (Jul 15, 2026). Type: Advocacy & industry groups. Flag: Consumer advocate. Used for: PJM capacity prices. https://www.citizensutilityboard.org/blog/2026/07/15/cub-sustained-high-pjm-capacity-prices-ramp-up-urgency-for-data-center-reform/
- Data Center Coalition, "E3 white paper summary" (May 2026). Type: Advocacy & industry groups. Flag: Industry group. Used for: Rate-impact evidence. https://www.datacentercoalition.org/cpages/e3-energy-white-paper
- Earthjustice, "Advocates appeal Louisiana PSC decision on Meta data center" (2026). Type: Advocacy & industry groups. Flag: Advocacy. Used for: Meta Hyperion. Campuses: DC-027. https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/advocates-appeal-louisiana-pscs-arbitrary-and-capricious-decision-to-let-meta-off-the-hook-for-its-data-center-project
- Earthjustice, "New report examines how AI data centers are increasing electricity costs" (2026). Type: Advocacy & industry groups. Flag: Advocacy. Used for: Rate-impact evidence. https://earthjustice.org/experts/shannon-fisk/new-report-examines-how-ai-data-centers-are-increasing-electricity-costs
- Edison Electric Institute, "List of large customer projects and tariffs" (2026). Type: Advocacy & industry groups. Flag: Industry group. Used for: Large-load tariffs by state. https://www.eei.org/-/media/Project/EEI/Documents/Issues%20and%20Policy/List%20of%20Large%20Customer%20Projects%20and%20Tariffs
- Environmental Defense Fund, "Texas tries to answer key questions about upcoming data center boom" (Jul 14, 2026). Type: Advocacy & industry groups. Flag: Advocacy. Used for: Texas SB 6. https://blogs.edf.org/climate411/2026/07/14/texas-tries-to-answer-key-questions-about-upcoming-data-center-boom.md
- NetChoice, "One data center, $290 million for the county that lands it (Kentucky report)" (2026). Type: Advocacy & industry groups. Flag: Industry-funded. Used for: Local tax revenue claims. https://netchoice.org/kydatacenterreport/
- Southern Environmental Law Center, "PSC unanimously votes to approve Georgia Power's data center plan" (Dec 19, 2025). Type: Advocacy & industry groups. Flag: Advocacy. Used for: Georgia PSC approval. https://www.selc.org/press-release/psc-unanimously-votes-to-approve-georgia-powers-data-center-plan-without-sufficient-customer-protections/
- Union of Concerned Scientists, "Louisiana regulators fast-track seven-gas-plant proposal for Meta data center" (Apr 15, 2026). Type: Advocacy & industry groups. Flag: Advocacy. Used for: Meta Hyperion gas plants; LPSC Docket 32728. Campuses: DC-027. https://www.ucs.org/about/news/louisiana-regulators-fast-track-7-gas-plant-proposal-meta-data-center
- Baltimore County Department of Planning, "Data center study report for the Planning Board" (Jul 2026). Type: Government & regulators. Used for: Per-acre tax and jobs comparison; local rules. https://www.baltimorecountymd.gov/files/departments/planning/documents/datacenterstudy20260716.pdf
- Georgia Public Service Commission, "Georgia Power filing (document 224483)" (2026). Type: Government & regulators. Used for: Georgia Power resource planning. https://services.psc.ga.gov/api/v1/External/Public/Get/Document/DownloadFile/224483/105760
- Government of Alberta, "Is Alberta's grid ready? (data centres)" (Jul 30, 2026 data). Type: Government & regulators. Used for: AESO requests, Phase 1 allocation, BYOG rules. Campuses: DC-083, DC-084. https://www.alberta.ca/datacentres/grid
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, "2024 U.S. Data Center Energy Usage Report (news release)" (Jan 15, 2025). Type: Government & regulators. Used for: 176 TWh in 2023; 2028 projections. https://newscenter.lbl.gov/2025/01/15/berkeley-lab-report-evaluates-increase-in-electricity-demand-from-data-centers/
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, "Rate designs for large loads" (Aug 10, 2026). Type: Government & regulators. Used for: Large-load tariff design. https://eta-publications.lbl.gov/sites/default/files/2026-08/rate_designs_large_loads_2026.08.10.pdf
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, "Large-load webinar slides" (Sept 2, 2026). Type: Government & regulators. Used for: Large-load tariffs. https://eta-publications.lbl.gov/sites/default/files/2026-09/lbnl_ll_webinar_2026.09.02.pdf
- Régie de l'énergie du Québec, "Dossier R-4333-2026 (data centre tariff)" (Jun 22, 2026). Type: Government & regulators. Used for: Québec data centre tariff. https://www.regie-energie.qc.ca/fr/participants/dossiers/R-4333-2026/doc/R-4333-2026-B-0035-DDR-RepDDR-2026_06_22.pdf
- U.S. Department of Energy, "Federal Power Act 202(c) Order 202-26-23 (PJM)" (May 18, 2026). Type: Government & regulators. Used for: Emergency use of data center backup generation. https://www.energy.gov/ceser/federal-power-act-section-202c-pjm-interconnection-llc-pjm-order-no-202-26-23
- U.S. Department of Energy, "Federal Power Act 202(c) Order 202-26-33 (PJM)" (Jun 30, 2026). Type: Government & regulators. Used for: Second emergency order, extended to July 7. https://www.energy.gov/ceser/federal-power-act-section-202c-pjm-interconnection-llc-pjm-order-no-202-26-33
- U.S. Energy Information Administration, "Electric Power Annual, Table 8.2: average heat rates" (2025). Type: Government & regulators. Used for: Heat-rate assumptions. https://www.eia.gov/electricity/annual/html/epa_08_02.html
- U.S. Energy Information Administration, "Today in Energy: combined-cycle utilization and heat rates" (n.d.). Type: Government & regulators. Used for: New CCGT heat rate (6,960 Btu/kWh). https://www.eia.gov/todayinEnergy/detail.php?id=60984
- U.S. Energy Information Administration, "Short-Term Energy Outlook: electricity" (Oct 2026). Type: Government & regulators. Used for: US demand forecast. https://www.eia.gov/outlooks/steo/report/elec_coal_renew.php
- U.S. Energy Information Administration, "FAQ: How much electricity does an American home use?" (n.d.). Type: Government & regulators. Used for: Household equivalents on campus pages (about 10,800 kWh a year). https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=97&t=3
- AESO, "Phase II large load integration engagement" (2026). Type: Grid operators. Used for: Alberta Phase 2 framework. https://aesoengage.aeso.ca/pre-engagement-phase-ii-large-load-integration
- ERCOT, "Batch Zero update (Board item 14)" (Sept 2026). Type: Grid operators. Used for: Batch Zero classifications; energization pause. https://www.ercot.com/files/docs/2026/09/11/14-Batch-Zero-Update.pdf
- PJM, "Board letter on Critical Issue Fast Path for large load additions" (Aug 8, 2025). Type: Grid operators. Used for: PJM large-load process. https://www.pjm.com/-/media/DotCom/about-pjm/who-we-are/public-disclosures/2025/20250808-pjm-board-letter-re-implementation-of-critical-issue-fast-path-process-for-large-load-additions.pdf
- Beveridge & Diamond, "New York enacts first statewide moratorium on data centers (EO 62)" (Aug 5, 2026). Type: Law firms. Used for: NY Executive Order 62. https://www.bdlaw.com/publications/new-york-enacts-first-statewide-moratorium-on-data-centers/
- BLG, "Data centre regulation in Québec: from honeyed promise to iron control" (Jul 2026). Type: Law firms. Used for: Québec rules and tariff. https://www.blg.com/en/insights/2026/07/data-centre-regulation-in-quebec-from-honeyed-promise-to-iron-control
- BLG, "Data centre regulation in Ontario" (Jul 2026). Type: Law firms. Used for: Ontario rules (Bill 40, IESO). https://www.blg.com/en/insights/2026/07/data-centre-regulation-in-ontario
- Crowell & Moring, "DOE directs FERC to act on large load interconnections" (Oct 2025). Type: Law firms. Used for: DOE directive to FERC. https://www.crowell.com/en/insights/client-alerts/in-a-move-affecting-the-future-of-data-centers-doe-directs-ferc-to-act-on-large-load-interconnections
- DLA Piper, "New York State Legislature passes first-in-the-nation data center moratorium" (Jul 2026). Type: Law firms. Used for: NY S10642/A11560. https://www.dlapiper.com/en/insights/publications/2026/07/new-york-state-legislature-passes-first-in-the-nation-data-center-moratorium
- Duane Morris, "FERC acts to advance data center and large load integration in six RTO regions" (Jun 23, 2026). Type: Law firms. Used for: FERC show cause orders. https://www.duanemorris.com/alerts/ferc_acts_advance_data_center_large_load_integration_six_rto_regions_0626.html
- Gibson Dunn, "DOE's emergency order signals new role for data centers' backup power" (May 2026). Type: Law firms. Used for: DOE 202(c) analysis. https://www.gibsondunn.com/doe-emergency-order-signals-new-role-for-data-centers-backup-power/
- Gowling WLG, "Power shifts in Canada's data centre market" (2026). Type: Law firms. Used for: Canada market. https://gowlingwlg.com/en-ca/insights-resources/articles/2026/power-shifts-canada-data-centre-market
- Greenberg Traurig, "Texas Senate Bill 6 update: proposed interconnection standards" (Mar 2026). Type: Law firms. Used for: Texas SB 6 rules. https://www.gtlaw.com/ar/insights/2026/3/texas-senate-bill-6-update-what-data-centers-large-load-customers-should-know-about-proposed-interconnection-standards
- Mondaq (Canadian law firm article), "Data Centre West 2026: Alberta's digital infrastructure moment has arrived" (2026). Type: Law firms. Used for: Alberta requests; Meta Sturgeon. Campuses: DC-083. https://www.mondaq.com/canada/oil-gas-electricity/1846156/data-centre-west-2026-albertas-digital-infrastructure-moment-has-arrived
- Orrick, "Microsoft expands global data center capacity with 2 GW data center and co-located power facility in West Texas" (Jul 2, 2026). Type: Law firms. Flag: Counsel to Microsoft. Used for: Microsoft Pecos 2 GW; Chevron 20-year PPA. Campuses: DC-043. https://www.orrick.com/en/News/2026/07/Microsoft-Expands-Global-Data-Center-Capacity-with-2-GW-Data-Center-and-Co-Located-Power-Facility
- Perkins Coie, "SB 6 implementation shaping data center future in Texas" (2026). Type: Law firms. Used for: Texas SB 6 rules. https://perkinscoie.com/insights/update/sb-6-implementation-shaping-data-center-future-texas
- Venable, "Data center tax incentives under pressure" (Jun 2026). Type: Law firms. Used for: Tax incentives. https://www.venable.com/insights/publications/2026/06/data-center-tax-incentives-under-pressure
- 24/7 Wall St, "AEP Q3 2026 earnings" (Oct 28, 2026). Type: News. Flag: Secondary. Used for: Superseded by AEP release. https://247wallst.com/cards/american-electric-power-q3-2026-earnings-aep-01m613ae33hj0z2x01qstptysj
- ABC7 Amarillo, "Fermi America releases statement after losing funding from first major tenant" (Dec 12, 2025). Type: News. Used for: Fermi tenant exit. Campuses: DC-019. https://www.abc7amarillo.com/news/local/fermi-america-releases-statement-after-losing-funding-from-first-major-tenant
- AI Weekly, "Texas data center boom uses dry-cleaner air permit loophole" (2026). Type: News. Flag: Secondary. Used for: Air permits. https://aiweekly.co/alerts/texas-data-center-boom-uses-dry-cleaner-air-permit-loophole
- AI Weekly (Financial Times), "47 large US data center projects delayed, withdrawn or blocked in 2026" (2026). Type: News. Flag: Secondary. Used for: Bernstein credible pipeline 35%. https://aiweekly.co/alerts/ft-47-large-us-data-center-projects-delayed-withdrawn-or-blocked-in-2026
- Bloomberg Tax, "Washington State advances rollback of data center tax exemptions" (2026). Type: News. Flag: Paywalled. Used for: Washington tax rollback. https://news.bloombergtax.com/financial-accounting/washington-state-advances-rollback-of-data-center-tax-exemptions
- BNN Bloomberg (Canadian Press), "Canada data centre capacity could soar to 20 GW in planned projects: government document" (Jul 8, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Canada pipeline; Meta Sturgeon; Synapse Olds. Campuses: DC-082, DC-083. https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/business/politics/2026/07/08/canada-data-centre-capacity-could-soar-to-20-gw-in-planned-projects-government-document/
- Business Insider via AOL, "AI is driving data center power demand" (2026). Type: News. Used for: Campus seed data. Campuses: DC-072, DC-076, DC-077, DC-078, DC-079. https://www.aol.com/articles/ai-driving-data-center-power-172956000.html
- Colorado Sun, "Colorado Springs data center vote delayed after raucous hearing" (Sept 17, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Colorado Springs. https://coloradosun.com/2026/09/17/colorado-springs-data-center-final-vote-delay/
- ConstructConnect, "Nevada regulators approve 362 MW of temporary power projects for data centers" (Sept 21, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Fleet Data Centers temporary gas plants at TRIC. Campuses: DC-047. https://news.constructconnect.com/nevada-regulators-approve-362-mw-of-temporary-power-projects-for-data-centers
- Consumer Reports, "AI data centers: Big Tech's impact on electric bills, water and more" (2026). Type: News. Used for: Bills and water. https://www.consumerreports.org/data-centers/ai-data-centers-impact-on-electric-bills-water-and-more-a1040338678/
- E&E News, "FERC approves central US grid plan for connecting AI data centers" (Jan 20, 2026). Type: News. Used for: SPP 90-day path; SPP peak. https://www.eenews.net/articles/ferc-approves-central-us-grid-plan-for-connecting-ai-data-centers/
- E&E News, "Lawmakers agree the data center boom shouldn't hurt ratepayers. Now comes the hard part" (2026). Type: News. Used for: Ratepayer Protection Act. https://www.eenews.net/articles/lawmakers-agree-the-data-center-boom-shouldnt-hurt-ratepayers-now-comes-the-hard-part/
- E&E News, "xAI gets air permit for unauthorized gas turbines" (2026). Type: News. Used for: Air permits. https://www.eenews.net/articles/xai-gets-air-permit-for-unauthorized-gas-turbines/
- EnergyNow, "Canada's data centre buildout: special report" (Sept 2026). Type: News. Used for: Canada overview. https://energynow.ca/2026/09/canadas-data-centre-buildout-special-report-the-investment-energy-and-community-opportunities-challenges-behind-the-ai-boom/
- ExecutiveGov, "Ratepayer Protection Act passes House" (Sept 2026). Type: News. Used for: H.R. 9340, 417–3. https://www.executivegov.com/articles/ratepayer-protection-act-congress-passage-data-center-costs
- FactCheck.org, "Data centers and electricity prices: it's not as simple as voters may think" (Oct 29, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Rate-impact evidence; PJM capacity charges. https://www.factcheck.org/2026/10/data-centers-and-electricity-prices-its-not-as-simple-as-voters-may-think/
- Forbes, "Data centers are a key issue in midterm battleground states as household electric rates soar" (Nov 2, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Bills and politics. https://www.forbes.com/sites/maryroeloffs/2026/11/02/data-centers-are-key-issue-in-midterm-battleground-states-as-household-electric-rates-soar/
- Georgia Recorder, "Georgia Power says data center growth will cause electricity demand to triple" (2026). Type: News. Used for: Georgia Power load growth. https://georgiarecorder.com/?p=35510
- GPB, "Georgia PSC gives the green light to Georgia Power's data center-spurred expansion" (Dec 19, 2025). Type: News. Used for: Georgia Power ~10 GW approval. https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/12/19/georgia-psc-gives-the-greenlight-georgia-powers-massive-data-center-spurred
- GPB, "500 miles of pipeline to serve data center demand faces legal battle" (Oct 6, 2026). Type: News. Used for: MSX and SSE4 lawsuit. https://www.gpb.org/news/2026/10/06/500-miles-of-pipeline-serve-data-center-demand-faces-legal-battle
- Investing.com, "FirstEnergy Q3 2026 slides: data center demand doubles" (Oct 28, 2026). Type: News. Flag: Secondary; 27 GW figure not in company release. Used for: Superseded by FirstEnergy release. https://www.investing.com/news/company-news/firstenergy-q3-2026-slides-data-center-demand-doubles-earnings-rise-18-93CH-4979646
- KUT (Austin NPR), "Taylor annexes data center site and power plant" (Oct 9, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Taylor council vote. Campuses: DC-087. https://www.kut.org/energy-environment/2026-10-09/taylor-tx-annex-data-center-power-plant
- Latitude Media, "Third quarter earnings and utilities' data center moment" (Nov 12, 2025). Type: News. Used for: 2025 utility baselines; DTE 1.4 GW Barn contract. Campuses: DC-072. https://www.latitudemedia.com/news/third-quarter-earnings-and-utilities-data-center-moment/
- Latitude Media, "Is gas really winning the AI race?" (2026). Type: News. Used for: Homer City. Campuses: DC-029. https://www.latitudemedia.com/news/is-gas-really-winning-the-ai-race/
- Latitude Media, "Up to half of the world's data centers may be delayed this year" (2026). Type: News. Used for: Attrition (Sightline). https://www.latitudemedia.com/news/up-to-half-of-the-worlds-data-centers-may-be-delayed-this-year/
- mgrid, "Groups say Georgia data center's 90 MW pop-up gas plant skipped air permits" (Jul 1, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Air permits. https://mgrid.org/2026/07/01/groups-say-georgia-data-centers-90-mw-pop-up-gas-plant-skipped-air-permits/
- Moneywise via Yahoo Finance, "Loudoun County raked in $1.1 billion in tax revenue from data centers" (Aug 23, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Loudoun tax base, jobs, JLARC figures. https://finance.yahoo.com/real-estate/articles/loudoun-county-raked-1-1-163000239.html
- MyChesCo, "PJM market monitor report" (2026). Type: News. Used for: $11.11/MWh data center capacity effect. https://www.mychesco.com/?p=677762
- Natural Gas Intelligence, "Google data center anchors 550,000 Dth/d NGPL natural gas expansion in Texas" (Sept 28, 2026). Type: News. Used for: NGPL Amarillo Expansion; Project Roman. https://naturalgasintel.com/news/google-data-center-anchors-550000-dthd-ngpl-natural-gas-expansion-in-texas/
- Natural Gas Intelligence, "FERC clears 19.2 Bcf Leaf River natural gas storage expansion anchored by EQT" (2026). Type: News. Used for: Gas storage. https://naturalgasintel.com/news/ferc-clears-192-bcf-leaf-river-natural-gas-storage-expansion-anchored-by-eqt/
- Natural Gas World, "VC unveils plan for 7.5 GW data centre in Alberta" (2025). Type: News. Used for: Wonder Valley. Campuses: DC-082. https://www.naturalgasworld.com/vc-unveils-plan-for-7.5-gw-data-centre-in-alberta-118787
- NC Newsline, "Three more NC localities weigh pauses on data centers as developer backs away from Raleigh project" (Aug 17, 2026). Type: News. Used for: North Carolina pauses. https://ncnewsline.com/2026/08/17/three-more-nc-localities-weigh-pauses-on-data-centers-as-developer-backs-away-from-raleigh-project/
- Nevada Current, "Lombardo backs natural gas pipeline expansion for data centers" (Jun 4, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Nevada gas. https://nevadacurrent.com/2026/06/04/lombardo-backs-natural-gas-pipeline-expansion-for-data-centers/
- Nevada Current, "Third data center gas plant seeks approval as gas pipeline expansion advances" (Oct 26, 2026). Type: News. Flag: Not retrieved (site blocked automated access). Used for: Nevada gas plants. https://nevadacurrent.com/2026/10/26/third-data-center-gas-plant-seeks-approval-as-gas-pipeline-expansion-advances/
- NewsChannel 10 (Amarillo), "Community members seek answers at Hereford meeting on proposed Google data center" (Jul 14, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Project Roman (watch list). https://www.newschannel10.com/2026/07/15/community-members-seek-answers-hereford-meeting-proposed-google-data-center/
- Newsweek, "Map: states with the biggest data centers being built" (2026). Type: News. Used for: Campus seed data. Campuses: DC-020, DC-021. https://www.newsweek.com/map-states-biggest-data-centers-being-built-12574267
- POWER, "Abbott orders full audit of Texas data center interconnection queue, threatens to deny grid access" (Aug 4, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Texas audit; ERCOT queue 474.7 GW; record peak. https://powermag.com/abbott-orders-full-audit-of-texas-data-center-interconnection-queue-threatens-to-deny-grid-access/
- POWER, "Entergy will power $4 billion Google data center in Arkansas" (Oct 3, 2025). Type: News. Used for: Google West Memphis (watch list). https://www.powermag.com/entergy-will-power-4-billion-google-data-center-in-arkansas/
- PV Tech, "Google and Intersect launch 1 GW-plus clean energy-backed data centre project in Texas" (Jun 5, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Meitner Energy Center (watch list). https://www.pv-tech.org/google-intersect-launch-1gw-plus-clean-energy-backed-data-centre-project-in-texas/
- Richmond BizSense, "One data center project pulled and another delayed in Hanover as supervisors reinstitute equipment tax" (Jun 26, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Hanover County actions. https://richmondbizsense.com/2026/06/26/one-data-center-project-pulled-and-another-delayed-in-hanover-as-supervisors-reinstitute-equipment-tax/
- RTO Insider, "ERCOT large load interconnection queue hits 410 GW" (Apr 1, 2026). Type: News. Flag: Paywalled. Used for: ERCOT queue (April). https://www.rtoinsider.com/129421-ercot-large-load-requests-soar-again/
- S&P Global Commodity Insights, "CERAWeek: US producers and top regulator see gas winning resource competition to power AI" (Mar 14, 2025). Type: News. Used for: Meta Hyperion gas plants; gas demand ranges. Campuses: DC-027. https://spglobal.com/commodity-insights/en/news-research/latest-news/natural-gas/031425-ceraweek-us-producers-top-regulator-see-gas-winning-resource-competition-to-power-ai
- Southern Business & Development, "Hanover County, Va. OKs 1,200-acre data center project near Ashland" (Apr 4, 2024). Type: News. Used for: Tract Hanover rezoning. Campuses: DC-039. https://southernbusiness.com/?p=643272
- Spectrum News, "State Sen. Kristen Gonzalez urges Gov. Hochul to sign data center bill" (Aug 27, 2026). Type: News. Used for: NY bill status. https://spectrumlocalnews.com/nys/buffalo/news/2026/08/27/state-sen--kristen-gonzalez-urges-gov--hochul-to-sign-data-center-bill
- St. Louis Public Radio, "TerraWatt data center proposal for the former Alton Steel site" (Oct 21, 2026). Type: News. Used for: TerraWatt Alton. Campuses: DC-086. https://www.stlpr.org/economy-business/2026-10-21/alton-data-center-proposal
- T&D World, "PJM Board outlines plans to integrate large loads in 2026" (Jan 22, 2026). Type: News. Used for: PJM CIFP decision. https://tdworld.com/reliability-and-resiliency/news/55352370/pjm-board-outlines-plans-to-integrate-large-loads-in-2026
- TechRadar, "US utilities are making AI data centers prove they exist" (2026). Type: News. Used for: Attrition; market monitor 42%. https://www.techradar.com/pro/how-do-you-know-whats-real-us-utilities-are-making-ai-data-centers-prove-they-exist-before-handing-over-power-connections-as-50-percent-of-planned-buildouts-are-currently-being-delayed-stalled-or-canceled
- Texas Tribune, "Texas data centers, AI power plants and state pollution permits" (Jul 9, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Stargate Abilene turbines. Campuses: DC-073. https://www.texastribune.org/2026/07/09/texas-data-centers-ai-power-plants-pollution-state-permits/
- Texas Tribune, "East Texas data center withdrawn" (Jul 23, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Henderson County withdrawal. https://www.texastribune.org/2026/07/23/east-texas-data-center-withdrawn/
- The Hub, "Alberta Utilities Commission rejects gas plant for Olds data centre complex" (Aug 19, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Synapse Olds rejection. https://thehub.ca/2026/08/19/alberta-utilities-commission-rejects-gas-plant-for-olds-data-centre-complex/
- The Logic, "AESO large-load allocation" (2026). Type: News. Used for: TransAlta Keephills 230 MW. Campuses: DC-084. https://thelogic.co/?p=2067756
- The Next Web, "Meta details Prometheus, the Ohio supercluster heading for 1 million GPUs" (Oct 20, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Prometheus first phase live. Campuses: DC-080. https://thenextweb.com/news/meta-prometheus-supercluster-1-million-gpus-muse
- Tom's Hardware, "Local opposition blocked $68 billion of data center projects in Q2 2026" (2026). Type: News. Used for: Data Center Watch Q2. https://www.tomshardware.com/tech-industry/data-centers/local-opposition-blocked-usd68-billion-worth-of-data-center-projects-in-the-second-quarter-of-2026-data-center-investments-reportedly-still-on-track-to-hit-usd32-trillion-by-2050
- Utility Dive, "Southern Co. contracted large load reaches 17 GW" (Aug 4, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Southern contracts; OpenAI 3.2 GW Georgia Power contract. Campuses: DC-033. https://utilitydive.com/news/southern-co-contracted-large-load-data-centers/826919
- Utility Dive, "PJM files backstop capacity auction at FERC" (Aug 3, 2026). Type: News. Used for: 6.8 GW shortfall; $555 cap; ER26-3380. https://www.utilitydive.com/news/pjm-files-backstop-capacity-auction-ferc-data-centers/826792/
- Virginia Business (Reuters), "Dominion Energy beats profit estimates on Virginia data center demand" (Jul 31, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Dominion 53.8 GW contracted capacity. https://virginiabusiness.com/dominion-energy-beats-profit-estimates-virginia-data-center-demand/
- WFAE, "NC legislative leaders support rolling back data center sales tax exemptions" (May 8, 2026). Type: News. Used for: North Carolina tax. https://www.wfae.org/2026-05-08/nc-legislative-leaders-support-rolling-back-data-center-sales-tax-exemptions
- WJLA, "Data centers in Virginia ordered to pay for transmission upgrades" (Aug 5, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Virginia SCC order. https://wjla.com/newsletter-daily/data-centers-in-virginia-ordered-to-pay-for-transmission-upgrades-governor-abigail-spanberger-state-corporation-commission-scc-richmond-electricity-utilities-bills
- WOSU, "Gov. DeWine freezes controversial data center tax break, for now" (May 27, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Ohio tax exemption pause. https://www.wosu.org/2026-05-27/gov-dewine-freezes-controversial-data-center-tax-break-for-now
- WWNO, "Advocates cite lack of transparency, rising costs as regulators fast-track second Meta data center" (Apr 21, 2026). Type: News. Used for: Meta Hyperion. Campuses: DC-027. https://www.wwno.org/coastal-desk/2026-04-21/advocates-cite-lack-of-transparency-rising-costs-as-regulators-fast-track-second-meta-data-center
- Wikipedia, "Colossus (supercomputer)" (accessed Oct 2026). Type: Reference. Flag: Tertiary. Used for: xAI Colossus background. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colossus_(supercomputer)
- ai2.work, "States rewrite utility tariffs to make AI data centers pay up" (2026). Type: Research & analysis. Flag: Secondary. Used for: Large-load tariffs. https://ai2.work/blog/states-rewrite-utility-tariffs-to-make-ai-data-centers-pay-up
- ai2.work, "Large-load tariffs: the utility rules reshaping AI data centers" (2026). Type: Research & analysis. Flag: Secondary. Used for: Large-load tariffs. https://ai2.work/blog/large-load-tariffs-the-utility-rules-reshaping-ai-data-centers
- Civic IQ, "Where are data centers opening and how much are cities making? 2025 municipal revenue analysis" (Jan 6, 2026). Type: Research & analysis. Used for: Municipal revenue. https://blogs.civiciq.com/2026/01/06/where-are-data-centers-opening-and-how-much-are-cities-making-2025-municipal-revenue-analysis/
- Cleanview, "Behind-the-meter data centers report" (2026). Type: Research & analysis. Used for: On-site generation counts; xAI turbines. Campuses: DC-004. https://cleanview.co/reports/behind-the-meter-data-centers
- Data Center Watch, "Q1 2026 report" (2026). Type: Research & analysis. Used for: Local opposition, projects blocked or delayed. https://datacenterwatch.org/q1-2026
- Distilled, "Data center developers want to build behind the meter" (2026). Type: Research & analysis. Used for: Project Jupiter pipeline. Campuses: DC-075. https://www.distilled.earth/p/data-center-developers-want-to-build
- E3 (for the Data Center Coalition), "Understanding the drivers of rising electricity rates and the role of data centers" (May 2026). Type: Research & analysis. Flag: Industry-funded. Used for: Rate-impact evidence. https://www.ethree.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/Understanding-the-Drivers-of-Rising-Electricity-Rates-and-the-Role-of-Data-Centers_E3-2026.pdf
- Enverus, "Data center gas demand" (2026). Type: Research & analysis. Used for: 1 GW on gas ≈ 140 MMcf/d. https://www.enverus.com/?p=317716
- Enverus, "Off the grid, on the gas" (Jul 2026). Type: Research & analysis. Used for: 62 GW by 2030; 40% behind the meter. https://www.enverus.com/newsroom/off-the-grid-on-the-gas/
- Environ Energy, "PJM 2028/29 capacity auction" (2026). Type: Research & analysis. Used for: $6.3B (38%) attributed to data centers. https://environenergy.com/?p=4723
- EPRI, "Regulatory update (Dominion GS-5)" (2026). Type: Research & analysis. Used for: GS-5 tariff terms. https://restservice.epri.com/publicattachment/95247
- execgraph, "Texas data center power procurement 2026: 75,089 MW pipeline" (2026). Type: Research & analysis. Flag: Secondary; superseded for queue size. Used for: ERCOT queue (Pass 1); Abilene expansion. https://execgraphenergy.com/blog/texas-data-center-power-procurement-2026-75-089-mw-pipeline-140-projects-behind-the-meter-gas
- Exponential Industry, "Data center power roadmap" (2026). Type: Research & analysis. Flag: Secondary. Used for: Meta Prometheus on-site gas. Campuses: DC-080. https://exponentialindustry.com/ontology/datacenter-power/
- IEEFA, "Excessive forecasts of data center growth are behind the push to build two large natural gas pipelines in the Southeast" (Jun 25, 2026). Type: Research & analysis. Flag: Advocacy-aligned research. Used for: MSX and SSE4 pipelines. https://ieefa.org/resources/excessive-forecasts-data-center-growth-are-behind-push-build-two-large-natural-gas
- itk, "US data centres: power sources" (2026). Type: Research & analysis. Flag: Secondary. Used for: On-site power details. Campuses: DC-071, DC-076. https://itkservices3.com/background/data_centres_usa
- mjbommar (independent dataset), "Moratorium nation: data center moratoria dataset" (Apr 30, 2026). Type: Research & analysis. Used for: Local moratoria. https://mjbommar.github.io/moratorium-data-2026/paper/moratorium-nation-2026-04-30.pdf
- Modo Energy, "PJM load forecast and data centers" (2026). Type: Research & analysis. Used for: PJM accepted 34 GW of 60 GW submitted. https://modoenergy.com/research/en/pjm-load-forecast-data-centers-2046
- Modo Energy, "ERCOT data center buildout forecast, October 2026" (Oct 21, 2026). Type: Research & analysis. Used for: ERCOT 92 GW advanced pipeline; Pecos 2.7 GW gas. Campuses: DC-043. https://modoenergy.com/research/en/ercot-data-center-buildout-forecast-october-2026
- MultiState, "State data center legislation in 2026 tackles energy and tax issues" (Feb 20, 2026). Type: Research & analysis. Used for: Legislation overview. https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/2/20/state-data-center-legislation-in-2026-tackles-energy-and-tax-issues
- Ohio River Valley Institute, "Data centers are driving pipeline expansions and production growth in Appalachia" (Jul 1, 2025). Type: Research & analysis. Flag: Advocacy-aligned research. Used for: Appalachian pipeline list. https://ohiorivervalleyinstitute.org/data-centers-pipeline-expansions-natural-gas/
- Quorum, "Quorum tracked 486 data center measures in 2025–2026; only 42 became law" (Oct 26, 2026). Type: Research & analysis. Used for: State legislation counts and enacted laws. https://www.quorum.us/policy-pulse/quorum-tracked-486-data-center-measures-in-2025-2026-only-42-became-law/
- Rutgers NJ State Policy Lab, "Are data centers raising your electric bill? Mostly not. Yet." (2026). Type: Research & analysis. Used for: Rate-impact evidence. https://policylab.rutgers.edu/publication/are-data-centers-raising-your-electric-bill-mostly-not-yet/
- SoftwareSeni, "Why so much US AI data centre capacity is delayed or cancelled" (2026). Type: Research & analysis. Flag: Secondary. Used for: Delays; Project Jupiter. https://www.softwareseni.com/why-so-much-us-ai-data-centre-capacity-is-delayed-or-cancelled/
- Baxtel, "Taylor approves 1 GW gas-fired data center campus for Big Watt and PowerHouse" (Oct 15, 2026). Type: Trade press & trackers. Used for: Taylor behind-the-meter gas. Campuses: DC-087. https://baxtel.com/news/taylor-approves-1gw-gas-fired-data-center-campus-for-big-watt-powerhouse
- Baxtel, "Digital Realty picks Kokomo for 1 GW campus, its first in Indiana" (Oct 17, 2026). Type: Trade press & trackers. Used for: Digital Realty Kokomo. Campuses: DC-085. https://baxtel.com/news/digital-realty-picks-kokomo-for-1gw-campus-its-first-in-indiana
- Blackridge Research, "Upcoming largest data center projects in the United States" (accessed Oct 2026). Type: Trade press & trackers. Flag: Secondary. Used for: Campus seed data. Campuses: DC-019, DC-033, DC-036, DC-059, DC-071, DC-072, DC-074. https://www.blackridgeresearch.com/blog/upcoming-largest-data-center-projects-in-united-states-usa
- Blackridge Research, "Latest list of new data center construction projects" (Sept 2026). Type: Trade press & trackers. Flag: Secondary. Used for: Candidate discovery. https://www.blackridgeresearch.com/blog/latest-list-new-upcoming-data-center-construction-project-developments-world
- Brightlio, "Largest data centers in the US" (accessed Oct 2026). Type: Trade press & trackers. Flag: Secondary. Used for: Campus cross-checks. Campuses: DC-037. https://brightlio.com/largest-data-centers-in-us/
- Converge Digest, "Fermi America resets timeline for Project Matador" (2026). Type: Trade press & trackers. Used for: Fermi timeline. Campuses: DC-019. https://convergedigest.com/fermi-america-resets-timeline-for-project-matador/?amp=1
- Data Center Census, "Latest project votes, permits and lawsuits" (accessed Nov 2026). Type: Trade press & trackers. Used for: Local approvals tracking. https://datacentercensus.com/changes
- Data Center Dynamics, "Meta details Ohio Prometheus data center campus, with first phase live" (2026). Type: Trade press & trackers. Flag: Not retrieved (site blocked automated access); confirmed via The Next Web. Used for: Prometheus. Campuses: DC-080. https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/meta-details-ohio-prometheus-data-center-campus-with-first-phase-live/
- Data Center Dynamics, "Digital Realty eyes gigawatt-scale data center site outside Indianapolis, Indiana" (2026). Type: Trade press & trackers. Flag: Not retrieved; confirmed via Baxtel. Used for: Digital Realty Kokomo. Campuses: DC-085. https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/digital-realty-eyes-gigawatt-scale-data-center-site-outside-indianapolis-indiana/
- Data Center Dynamics, "Gigawatt-scale data center proposed for steel mill in Illinois" (2026). Type: Trade press & trackers. Flag: Not retrieved; resolved via St. Louis Public Radio (200 MW). Used for: TerraWatt Alton. Campuses: DC-086. https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/gigawatt-scale-data-center-proposed-for-steel-mill-in-illinois/
- Data Center Knowledge, "New data center developments: July 2026" (Jul 2026). Type: Trade press & trackers. Used for: Candidate discovery. https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-center-construction/new-data-center-developments-july-2026
- dcmap.us, "Largest US data centers by reported power" (accessed Oct 2026). Type: Trade press & trackers. Flag: Secondary. Used for: Campus seed data (MW, status). Campuses: DC-001, DC-002, DC-003, DC-004, DC-005, DC-006, DC-007, DC-008, DC-009, DC-010, DC-011, DC-012, DC-013, DC-014, DC-015, DC-016, DC-017, DC-018, DC-019, DC-020, DC-023, DC-024, DC-025, DC-026, DC-027, DC-028, DC-029, DC-030, DC-031, DC-033, DC-035, DC-039, DC-040, DC-041, DC-042, DC-043, DC-044, DC-045, DC-051, DC-075, DC-081. https://dcmap.us/insights/largest-data-centers/
- Electrical Industry News (DC Byte), "Canada data centre market" (2026). Type: Trade press & trackers. Used for: Canada market size; Wonder Valley. Campuses: DC-082. https://electricalindustry.ca/?p=83345
- Electricchoice, "U.S. data center tracker" (accessed Oct 2026). Type: Trade press & trackers. Flag: Secondary. Used for: Campus seed data; cross-checks. Campuses: DC-009, DC-021, DC-022, DC-023, DC-025, DC-026, DC-030, DC-031, DC-032, DC-034, DC-035, DC-036, DC-037, DC-039, DC-043, DC-046, DC-047, DC-048, DC-049, DC-050, DC-051, DC-052, DC-053, DC-054, DC-055, DC-056, DC-057, DC-058, DC-059, DC-060, DC-061, DC-062, DC-063, DC-064, DC-065, DC-066, DC-067, DC-068, DC-069, DC-070. https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/
- Electricchoice, "Data center moratoriums" (accessed Nov 2026). Type: Trade press & trackers. Flag: Secondary. Used for: Moratorium tracking. https://www.electricchoice.com/datacenters/moratoriums/
- ercotqueue.com, "Large-load interconnection queue, by sector" (accessed Nov 2026). Type: Trade press & trackers. Flag: Secondary. Used for: ERCOT queue tracking. https://www.ercotqueue.com/charts/large-load
- Pipeline & Gas Journal, "Williams secures $5.34 billion for gas-fired power projects" (Jul 13, 2026). Type: Trade press & trackers. Used for: Williams behind-the-meter projects. https://pgjonline.com/news/2026/july/williams-secures-534-billion-for-gas-fired-power-projects
- Smarter Labor, "The gigawatt era: inside the 5 largest data center projects in America in 2026" (2026). Type: Trade press & trackers. Flag: Secondary. Used for: Campus seed data. Campuses: DC-038, DC-073, DC-080. https://www.smarterlabor.com/blog/the-gigawatt-era-inside-the-5-largest-data-center-projects-in-america-in-2026
- StartBusinessByState, "Data center tax break tracker: every 2025–26 state bill" (2026). Type: Trade press & trackers. Flag: Secondary. Used for: Tax incentive bills. https://startbusinessbystate.com/data-center-tax-break-tracker/
- SueDataCenters.org (Theory Road LLC), "Cancelled data center projects: 162 US sites, 14.1 GW" (Nov 1, 2026). Type: Trade press & trackers. Flag: Advocacy-adjacent (legal-services marketing). Used for: Cancellations and withdrawals. https://suedatacenters.org/data-centers/cancelled
- AEP (via StockTitan), "AEP reports third-quarter 2026 earnings, expands capital plan" (Oct 28, 2026). Type: Utilities & companies. Used for: 84 GW contracted load through 2031; $100B plan. https://www.stocktitan.net/news/AEP/aep-reports-third-quarter-2026-earnings-expands-capital-plan-and-dbz5nlq57bee.html
- Benzinga, "Entergy Q3 2026 earnings call transcript" (Nov 2026). Type: Utilities & companies. Used for: Entergy pipeline. https://www.benzinga.com/news/26/11/62786263/entergy-q3-2026-earnings-call-transcript
- Business Wire via Yahoo Finance, "Big Watt Digital and PowerHouse announce planning approval for Taylor Technology Campus" (Oct 9, 2026). Type: Utilities & companies. Flag: Company statement. Used for: Taylor Technology Campus. Campuses: DC-087. https://finance.yahoo.com/technology/ai/articles/co-development-partners-big-watt-143500000.html
- Calpine Solutions, "Special report: PJM 2027/28 BRA results" (2025). Type: Utilities & companies. Flag: Market participant. Used for: PJM capacity prices. https://www.calpinesolutions.com/pdf/marketing/special%20reports/Special%20Report%20-%20PJM%2027-28%20BRA%20Results.pdf
- Discovery Energy, "Data Center Tracking Index (original edition on deaudits.com)" (Oct 28, 2026). Type: Utilities & companies. Flag: Publisher. Used for: Pass 1 dataset, methodology and ratings. https://deaudits.com/data-center-index/
- Discovery Energy, "Data Center Tracking Index CSV, Pass 1" (Oct 28, 2026). Type: Utilities & companies. Flag: Publisher. Used for: Per-campus fields, MW basis, utility, metro and source columns. https://deaudits.com/data-center-index/data-center-index-2026-10.csv
- Discovery Energy, "Data Center Tracking Index methodology" (Oct 28, 2026). Type: Utilities & companies. Flag: Publisher. Used for: Method and assumptions. https://deaudits.com/data-center-index/methodology/
- Discovery Energy, "Data Center Tracking Index impact rating" (Oct 28, 2026). Type: Utilities & companies. Flag: Publisher. Used for: Bolt rating scale. https://deaudits.com/data-center-index/impact-rating/
- Discovery Energy, "deaudits.com llms.txt (company facts)" (2026). Type: Utilities & companies. Flag: Publisher. Used for: Description of Discovery Energy. https://deaudits.com/llms.txt
- Fermi Inc. (Newswire), "Fermi and TensorWave agree to extend closing date to October 31, 2026" (Sept 22, 2026). Type: Utilities & companies. Flag: Company statement. Used for: Fermi 222 MW lease. Campuses: DC-019. https://www.newswire.com/news/fermi-and-tensorwave-agree-to-extend-closing-date-to-october-31-2026
- FirstEnergy (SEC Form 8-K), "Q3 2026 news release" (Oct 27, 2026). Type: Utilities & companies. Used for: 7.9 GW contracted large load. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0001031296/000103129626000142/ex991-q32026newsrelease.htm
- GuruFocus via Yahoo Finance, "Entergy Q3 2026 earnings call highlights" (Nov 2, 2026). Type: Utilities & companies. Flag: Secondary. Used for: Data center interest, gas transport, Google West Memphis. https://finance.yahoo.com/energy/articles/entergy-corp-etr-q3-2026-070158071.html
- Oracle, "We've overhauled Project Jupiter's power plan" (Jul 1, 2026). Type: Utilities & companies. Flag: Company statement. Used for: Project Jupiter fuel cells. Campuses: DC-075. https://www.oracle.com/news/announcement/blog/weve-overhauled-project-jupiters-power-plan-2026-07-01/
- The Motley Fool, "AEP Q3 2026 earnings call transcript" (Oct 28, 2026). Type: Utilities & companies. Used for: Take-or-pay ESAs; ERCOT Batch Zero; Piketon. Campuses: DC-021. https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/10/28/aep-q3-2026-earnings-call-transcript/
- Voltus, "PJM 2027/28 capacity auction results for C&I" (2025). Type: Utilities & companies. Flag: Market participant. Used for: $/MW-year for large users. https://www.voltus.co/blog/pjm-capacity-auction-results-2027-2028

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